Alteration in Bowel Elimination - Adult Health Nursing 3720

A set of flashcards designed to help review key concepts related to alterations in bowel elimination, GI disorders, and nursing considerations.

What is the main focus of Adult Health Nursing 3720 related to bowel elimination?

Understanding alterations in bowel elimination and their implications for health.

What are common endoscopic procedures mentioned in the lecture?

Colonoscopy, EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography).

What preparations are required before endoscopic procedures?

Consent, NPO for 8 hours, sedation, bowel preparation.

What complications may arise from endoscopic procedures?

Perforation and aspiration.

What does N/V/D stand for?

Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

What are some internal causes of nausea and vomiting?

Headaches, viral infections, heart attacks, severe pain, and abdominal sources like appendicitis.

What are common external causes of nausea and vomiting?

Motion sickness, alcohol poisoning, food poisoning, medicines, and pregnancy.

What should be assessed in patients with N/V/D?

History of food intake, current medications, travel history, and electrolyte abnormalities.

How should the severity of vomiting be categorized?

By the color of vomit: red for upper GI bleed, brown for older GI bleed.

What is GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease characterized by incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

What common condition is associated with GERD?

Hiatal hernia.

What lifestyle factors can exacerbate GERD?

Obesity, smoking, certain foods, and medications.

What can chronic GERD lead to?

Chronic esophagitis due to acidic irritation.

What treatments are commonly prescribed for GERD?

Proton pump inhibitors and antacids.

What are some potential complications of peptic ulcers?

Bleeding, perforation, obstructive diseases, and peritonitis.

What is a key factor in diagnosing ulcers?

Testing for H. pylori.

What is a typical early intervention for vomiting?

Starting with clear liquids and antiemetics.

What dietary recommendations may help patients post-GI disturbance?

Rebuild gut bacteria with probiotics such as kimchi or sauerkraut.

What is the significance of stool samples in gastrointestinal assessments?

To test for infections or abnormalities.

What is a common symptom suggesting the need for further GI testing?

Blood in vomit or stool.

What is required when a patient has a suspected GI bleed?

Immediate assessment and possibly endoscopy.

What indicates a patient is experiencing a GI emergency?

Signs of hemorrhage, severe pain, and distended abdomen.

Why is it important to manage obesity in relation to GI health?

Due to its association with GERD and other gastric disorders.

What role do analgesics like NSAIDS play in GI health?

They can cause irritation and complications in the GI tract.

What dietary restrictions are advised for patients undergoing GERD treatment?

Avoid tight clothing and foods that trigger symptoms.

Identify one complication of a hernia mentioned in the lecture.

Supradiaphragmatic volvulus, which can cut off blood supply.

What are signs of dehydration in patients with N/V/D?

Dry mucous membranes, sunken eyes, and elevated heart rate.

What is the purpose of a bowel prep prior to GI procedures?

To clear the intestines for better visibility during examinations.

How might foodborne illnesses present in a patient?

With symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

What is a common non-infectious cause of nausea mentioned?

Severe pain from any source.

What key factor in patient history is important for diagnosing GI issues?

A history of recent travel or interpersonal contact, contributing to potential infections.

What is a common result of chronic vomiting related to oral health?

Enamel erosion and dental issues.