Judaism and the Ancient Hebrews

Canaan - -The ancient home of the Hebrews and was located in the Levant (Mediterranean coast of the middle east)

Torah - -First five books of the Hebrew Bible

Talmud - -collection of Jewish law with explanations and interpretations of that law

Abraham - -God chose Abraham to be the "father" of the Hebrew people / Abraham was a shepherd in the city of Ur in Mesopotamia

Descendants of Abraham - -roamed for many years from Mesopotamia, Canaan, Egypt, and back to Canaan

Yahweh - -Hebrew name for their God

Hebrew in Egypt - -the Hebrews might've migrated to Egypt because of a drought / they were first given a place of honor in Egyptian society but was later forced into slavery

Moses - -the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red sea on a journey known as the Exodus

The Exodus - -festival of Passover

What event led to the receiving of the Ten Commandments? - -Moses praying on Mt. Sinai

What do the Ten Commandments reflect? - -Morality common to the ancient Middle East

Deborah - -only woman in Israel's history to be both a prophet and a judge

Tribe of Judah - -established a kingdom with their capital in Jerusalem

laws that were interpreted by religious teachers were called _________ - -prophets

Hebrews were urged to: - -stay true to their covenant God live a moral life in accordance with God's laws came to be known as "ethical monotheism" keep Kosher with dietary restrictions and cleanliness

the three kings - -Saul, David, Solomon

the new kingdom - -israel

King Saul - -prevented the Philistines (enemy civilization) from conquering them

King David - -Second king of Israel, he united the hebrews

What did King Solomon do to expand his kingdom? - -Expanded the government, army, and encouraged trade & he was the most powerful out of the three kings

Who helped King Solomon build a trading empire? - -King Hiram of Phoenicians city of Tyre

The Great Temple - -the permanent home for the Ark of the Covenant (contained Moses' tablets)

what did the phoenicians export? - -cedar and purple dye

where did Phoenicians establish colonies? - -north Africa, southern Spain, and islands in the Mediterranean sea

What did the Phoenicians first invent? - -alphabet - a simple writing system that used symbols for sounds

what were the Phoenician city-states/homeland based on? - -Levant - the Mediterranean coastal region of the Middle East