Chapter 9 - Cellular Respiration

Carbon containing compounds

________ are oxidized during cellular respiration, whereas the electron carriers NAD+ and FAD+ are reduced.

NADH

________ is oxidized (at the electron transport chain) to NAD+ during oxidative phosphorylation, which can subsequently be utilised in glycolysis.

net gain

However, glycolysis produces four molecules of ATP, resulting in a(n) ________ of two ATP molecules.

Cells

________ ferment under anaerobic environments to renew the NAD+ required to keep the glycolysis process going.

Chemiosmosis

________ is the process of using a proton gradient to stimulate the synthesis of ATP.

vast majority of ATP

The ________ generated in cellular respiration is produced by oxidative phosphorylation.

Glycolysis

________ is a multistep process involving several enzyme- catalyzed stages and intermediates.

next stage

The mitochondria are responsible for the ________ in cellular respiration.

electron carriers

Twelve high- energy ________ (10 NADH and two FADH2) have been produced and will move on to the next stage of cellular respiration: oxidative phosphorylation.

electron transport chain

The ________ (ETC) and chemiosmosis, which both occur on the inner membrane of the mitochondria, are both involved in oxidative phosphorylation.

Proton concentrations

________ in the intermembranous region can be 1, 000 times higher than in the matrix.

Molecular oxygen

________ (O2) interacts with four protons (H+) and four electrons (e)- at the end of the electron transport chain to generate two water molecules.

glucose molecule

The ________ is oxidized (loses hydrogen atoms and electrons) during glycolysis, and each NAD+ molecule is reduced (gains a hydrogen atom and electrons) to NADH.