Philosophy Exam 3- Confucianism

What are the five cardinal virtues of Confucianism?

Ren, Yi, Li, Xin. Zhi

What is Ren?

Goodness, Human Heartiness, Benevolence (It is the central virtue)

What is Yi?

Appropriateness

What is Li?

Rituals in everyday life and in all activities, proper conduct 

What is Xin

Trustworthiness, and Integrity

What is Zhi?

Knowledge and Wisdom (know it, then apply it), knowing right from wrong, and the idea that you may or a person may have knowledge but without trustworthiness, you or another cannot judge correctly

What is Xiao?

It is the root of Ren, and it means filial Peity (respect and love within family)

what is Zhengming?

ratification of names and correct use of language

Who was Confucius? When was he born and where?

He was a Philosopher, he was born in 551 BCE and died in 479. He was born in Qufo Jining China.

What is come of the background on Confuciusm

Confucianism began to take form during the Han Dynasty (202 BC- 220 CE), and it was only recognized after Confucius’ death. It is a philosophy that is lived, and the Analects are the recorded sayings of Confucius compiled in the centuries after his death

What is Junzi? 

exemplary person 

What is small man?

Opposite of Junzi (petty)

How do all the virtues connect?

To become a Junzi, you must follow all the virtues. Ren is the central virtue, and it is all about self-cultivation, human heartiness, goodness, etc, and Xiao is the root of it, which is respect for family and the hierarchy. Xiao connects to Yi, which is appropriate, including respecting roles in a situation. Yi connects to Li, which is a ritual in everyday life to bring purpose and structure, but Yi also takes on large emotions and channels them to be appropriate. Lastly, Xin is all about being trustworthy and having integrity, knowing right from wrong, which relates all virtues.

Who wrote the the Analects that we read?

the disciples and followers of the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius after his death