Ed. of the Exceptional: Unit 5 (Final)

ESEA

Elementary and Secondary Education Act

Types of Placement

• General education classroom (LRE)

• General education with modifications; push-in/pull-out services

• Special day classes (SDC) or specialized academic instruction (SAI)

• Non-public school

• Homeschool

• Residential facility (MRE)

1965

What year did the ESEA go into effect?

94-142

1. Free and appropriate public education

2. Due Process

3. Mandated an IEP

94-142 Law

Education of Handicapped Act

IEP

Individualized Education Plan

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

1975

What year did 94-142 go into place?

99-457

Part H made provisions for infants and young children

101-476

Put IDEA into action

• Added autism & TBI

ADA

Americans with Disabilities

1990

What year did ADA go into action?

NCLB

No Child Left Behind

2002

What year did NCLB go into effect?

Part A

Intent of the Law

Part B

Ages 3 to 21

Part C

Birth to Age 3

Part D

Resources for research and teacher education/training

SEA

State Education Agency

LEA

Local Education Agency

6 Principles of the Law

• Zero Reject

• Nondiscriminatory Evaluation

• Appropriate Education

• Least Restrictive Environment

• Procedural Due Process

• Parent-Student Participation

Rehabilitation Act

• Vocational Rehabilitation (job training & job locator services)

• Supported Employment (paid at least minimum wage, at least 20 hr per week, can do the job alone after 18 months)

Tech Act

Federal funds for states to deliver technology services

16

What age are transitions addressed on an IEP?

Cannot test the child and cannot start the IEP process

What happens if parents aren't involved before an IEP is in place?

Proceed with IEP and work on getting the parent back on board

What happens if parents aren't involved after an IEP is in place?

Zero Reject

No matter how severe, students must have an appropriate education provided free (at public expense)

Nondiscriminatory Evaluation

All evaluations provided by the school must be fair, nondiscriminatory, and appropriate for the child's needs. All evaluations must be considered, (even ones paid for by the parents outside of the school.)

Appropriate Education

Team Identified
IFSP or IEP
Plans renewed accordingly (IFSP = 6 month, IEP = annually)
IFSP/IEP Conferences

LRE

Least Restrictive Environment

• mainstreaming

• pull-out programs

• inclusion

• gen-ed classroom

Least Restrictive Environment

the setting that is most similar to that of children without special needs

When they are a danger to themselves or others

When can a school exclude a special needs child from the general school population?

Procedural Due Process

Seeks to make the schools and parents accountable to each other

Parent-Student Participation

Parents are full members of the team & can continue representing the child even when the child reaches the age of majority(?)

Self-Contained Classroom

Learning environment exclusively for children with special needs. Usually a full time placement.

Resource Room

A classroom where students with disabilities receive instruction for part of the day. Allows for more one-on-one instruction

Pull-out

The child is assigned a time to meet with special support people (Speech, ESL/ELL, etc.)

Mainstream

The child attends a "special class" for the majority of the day. They then join the regular class for certain activities (P.E., music, lunch recess, etc.)

Inclusive

The child is in the regular classroom for all activities
- Support person joins the class
- Support person as a resource
- Child may still have a pull-out program

Modified curriculum and/or instruction accommodations

Two changes necessary for inclusion

Components of Inclusive Classrooms

• Reflective Teachers

• Flexible Teaches

• Individualization

• Caring

• Natural Supports

• Fairness

Specific Principles

• Natural Proportion

• Normalization

• Solving an instructional problem rather than fixing a student problem

13 categories of Disabilities

• Autism

• Deaf-Blindness

• Deafness

• Emotional Disturbances

• Hearing Impairment

• Intellectual Disability

• Multiple Disabilities

• Orthopedic Impairment

• Other Health Impairents

• Specific Learning Disability

• Speech or Language Impairment

• Traumatic Brain Injury

• Visual Impairment

Developmental Delay

14th category (sometimes)

If the SEA has adopted the term, then the LEA can use it.

When can you consider Developmental Delay the 14th category?

Accommodations

changing the physical setting to meet the child's needs

Modifications

changing the academic environment to meet the child's needs

Universally Designed Curriculum

• Flexible Content

• Flexible Level of Performance

Augmentation

• Add content

• Raise level of performance

• Both

Alteration

• Teach foundational content only

• Scale back performance levels

• Both

Neglect

• Basic needs of a child are not met

• Most common type of maltreatment of children

• Most difficult to define, therefore most often ignored or not treated

Abuse

Form of mistreatment of a child. Might occur in the form of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse

5 categories of maltreatment

• Neglect

• Physical Abuse

• Sexual Abuse

• Emotional Abuse

• Child Exploitation

CAPTA

Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act

Maltreatment

The endangerment of a child's physical or emotional health and development by action or failure to act

Physical Abuse

Any physical injury to a child other than an accident

Emotional Abuse

Harm to a child's ability to think or have feelings

Sexual Abuse

any type of sexual contact including touch even if clothes are not removed

Exploitation

Use of a child by an adult to achieve some tangible benefit

Grooming

Gaining trust of a child in order to abuse them

RTI

• Response to Intervention

• Provides immediate & necessary help in order to avoid full assessment for special education

• Identify those who might be at risk of not succeeding

Provides intervention designed to "close the gap" between on grade level students and below grade level students

What is the goal of RTI?

Main 3 points of IEP

• Concerns

• Strengths

• Goals

3-21

What ages does an IEP serve?

0-3

What ages does an IFSP serve?

IFSP

Individualized Family Service Plan

IFSP

Early intervention is crucial!

FAPE

Free and Appropriate Education