module 1 dual comp sci 101

module 1 dual credit comp sci 101 definition based on powerpoint

digital literacy

acquiring current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the web, and related technology

digital citizen

person familiar with how to use technology to
become an educated and productive member of the digital world

computer

electronic device that operates under the control of instructions stored in its memory and can accept and process data to produce information for future use

memory

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data into information.

internet

global collection of millions of computers linked together to share information. (Largest network)

wi-fi/wireless fidelity

a wireless data network technology that provides high-speed data connections and is
not attached to any device. It is used for mobile devices

server

powerful, high-capacity computer you access using the Internet or other networks; it stores files and “serves” them, that is, makes the files available to users; usually grouped at a location called a data center

online social network

an online community where users can share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users via a social networking website, such as Facebook, Google Plus, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp, or Snapchat

big data

large and complex data sources
that defy easy management with
traditional data processing methods

eniac

electronic numerical integrator and computer

univac

universal automatic computer

constraints of first computer

• size (too large)

• the amount of power they consume (a lot)

• the heat they generated

• how quickly they wore out

first apple computer

Steve Jobs & Wozniak - 1978

Internet of Things (IoT)

environment in which processors are
embedded in every product imaginable (things), and these things, in turn, communicate with one another via the Internet or wireless networks

IoT-enabled devices

smart devices because of their capability to communicate, locate, and predict; Smart devices often have associated apps that control and interact with them ex: Home automation, Air quality monitors, heart monitors, blood sugar sensors, Traffic monitoring

embedded computers

part of IoT; computer that functions as one component in a larger product and has a specific purpose; small and have limited hardware on their own but enhance capabilities of everyday devices; Embedded computers perform a specific function based on the requirements of the product in which they reside. (electronic stability control; car sensors))

automated teller machines (ATMs)

example of IoT; type of kiosk, or freestanding booth, usually placed in a public area

use of sensors

Manufacturing can use sensors to monitor processes and increase the quality of finished goods

robotic arms

help ensure precision during the manufacturing process

healthcare can use IoT to…

• Connect to a patient’s wearable blood pressure or glucose
  monitor.

• Send prescription updates and changes to a pharmacy and alert
  the patient of the prescription.

• Track and store data provided by wearable monitors to determine
  necessary follow-up care.

• Send the patient reminders about upcoming appointments or
  tests

digital divide

gap between those who have access to technology and its resources and information, especially on the Internet, and those who do not

privacy

the state or condition of being free from public
attention to the degree that you determine

identity theft

using someone’s personal information, such as their name, Social Security number, or credit card number, to commit financial fraud

dumpster diving

Personal information from discarded credit card statements, charge receipts, and bank statements can be retrieved after being discarded in the trash

phishing

attackers attempt to deceive you into revealing personal or financial information when you respond to an email message or visit a website

Change of address form

Using a standard change of address form, the attackers divert all mail to a post office box so that the victim never sees the charges made

Pretexting

An attacker who pretends to be from a legitimate research firm asks for personal information

Stealing

Stolen wallets and purses contain personal information that can be used in identity theft

Data mining

Attackers attempt to guess your passwords or password security questions by soliciting a response to a query on an online social media site that prompts you to enter information such as a pet’s name, home state, and more

intelligent workplace

uses of technology to connect employees to the company's network, communicate with one another, use productivity software and apps, and meet via web conferencing, and more

Online productivity software

enables students to work
collaboratively on projects and send the finished assignment to the teacher using email, reducing the need for paper printouts.

learning management system (LMS)

software application used to plan, deliver, track, and manage educational or training programs; used by college or university ex: brightspace

telemedicine

web-based videoconferencing, to
diagnose and treat patients remotely

computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

used by manufacturers to help produce and ship items

professional online presence

first thing a recruiter or interviewer will see ex: linkedin

input

accepting data (and process?)

output

produce information

Electronic components in computers

process data using instructions, which
are the steps that tell the computer how to perform a particular task

software, program, app

set of coded instructions that tell a computer or device what tasks to perform

convergence

increasing integration of technological capabilities into a growing number of previously unrelated devices

laptop

thin, lightweight mobile computer with a screen on its lid and a keyboard on its base (notebook)

tablet

thin, lightweight mobile device that has a touch screen and is often associated with eBook readers

eBook reader, or e-reader

a mobile device that is used primarily for reading digital media

desktop or desktop computer

personal computer designed to be in a stationary location where all its components fit
on or under a desk or table

all-in-one

type of desktop; does not contain a
tower and instead uses the same case to house the display and the processing circuitry

mobile device

a portable or handheld computing device

smartphone

an Internet-capable phone that usually also
includes a calendar, an address book, and games, in addition to apps

earbuds

small speakers that rest inside each ear canal, to listen to phone calls or media without disturbing those around them

digital camera

a camera that creates a digital image of an
object, person, or scene

digital media player

an application that lets you play audio
and video files; most tablets and smartphones include media players

streaming

a way of receiving audio and video content on your device as it is being downloaded from the web

wearable device or wearable

a small, mobile computing consumer device designed to be worn

activity tracker

a device that monitors heart rate, measures
pulse, counts steps, and tracks sleep patterns

smartwatch

communicate with a smartphone to make and answer phone calls, read and send messages, access the web, play music, work with apps, such as activity trackers and GPS, and more

game console

a hardware device that allows you to play video games, either single player or multiplayer

handheld game

small enough to fit in one hand, making it more portable than a game console.

netiquette

internet etiquette

digital ethics

the set of legal and moral guidelines that govern the use of technology, including computers, mobile devices, information systems, and databases

cyberbullying

a form of bullying that involves digital devices
and platforms such as social media sites, online forums, messaging apps, and email

Distracted driving

driving a vehicle while focusing on other activities, typically involving an electronic device such as a cell phone.

AUP

guidelines and rules that define the appropriate and acceptable behavior for using a network, system, or digital resource. These policies are commonly implemented by organizations, educational institutions, and service providers to ensure that users understand the limits and expectations of their use of technology and resources, including network storage and email servers

plagarize

copying or using someone else’s work and claiming it as your own

green computing

reducing electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using computers, mobile devices, and related technologies