Business and Marketing

Credit score

Điểm tín dụng(thể hiện khả năng và lịch sử trả nợ của 1 người,thường từ 300–850.)

Eg:Students should start building their credit score early by using a credit card responsibly

My apartment application was rejected because I have a poor credit score

If you want to get a home loan with a low interest rate, you need to maintain a high credit score.

Set/impose/raise/remove a profit cap

Đặt/Nâng/Xóa bỏ trần lợi nhuận(giới hạn tối đa doanh nghiệp được phép kiếm lãi)

Eg:The government felt it was a deliberate rip-off when energy companies doubled their prices during the crisis. As a result, they imposed a profit cap to stay in tune with the struggling citizens' needs.

Once the economy stabilized, the authorities removed the profit cap, allowing companies to compete freely again

To protect consumers from rising energy bills, the government decided to impose a profit cap on electricity providers.

Rent-to-own (adj/n)

người thuê trả tiền thuê hàng tháng, nhưng một phần số tiền đó sẽ được tính vào việc mua lại tài sản (nhà, xe, đồ điện tử…) sau một thời gian nhất định.

Eg:The government introduced a rent-to-own housing program to help young families buy their first home.

Many low-income workers choose rent-to-own apartments because they can’t afford full payment at once.

Pay in installments

Trả góp,trả theo từng đợt

Eg:I bought my new phone and paid in twelve monthly installments.

Some companies let you pay in installments with no interest if you pay on time.

Students are allowed to pay their tuition fees in instalments

Establish/create /maintain/expand a stockpile

Thiết lập, duy trì, mở rộng kho dự trữ

Eg:Farmers are encouraged to establish seed stockpiles in case of crop failure

Many countries established fuel stockpiles during the oil crisis to prevent energy shortages.

The government established a stockpile of medical supplies to prepare for future pandemics.

Transfer funds/money

Chuyển tiền/chuyển khoản

Eg:The app allows you to transfer funds instantly to any bank in the country.

During the crisis, the government transferred funds to affected regions to provide immediate relief.

Banks warn customers against transferring money to unknown accounts.

Silver economy

Nền kinh tế liên quan đến các sản phẩm, dịch vụ và cơ hội dành cho người cao tuổi, cũng như tác động kinh tế của quá trình già hóa dân số.

Eg:Japan has become a global leader in the silver economy, investing heavily in robotics and healthcare innovations for the elderly.

Startups are tapping into the silver economy with smart home devices designed to help older adults live independently

Collect payments

Thu tiền các khoản thanh toán từ khách hàng,đối tác,nợ,v.v.

Eg:Vendors can now collect payments via QR codes or mobile apps.

The government introduced a new digital platform to collect tax payments more efficiently.

Vendor

=Seller#hawker:người bán hàng rong

Eg:Street vendors are common in Vietnam, selling everything from banh mi to fresh fruit.

The company has partnered with several local vendors to supply organic vegetables

She works as a vendor at the night market in Da Lat.

Owe sth to sb

Nợ ai cái gì(tiền,ân huệ,trách nhiệm)

Eg:After the misunderstanding, he felt he owed her an apology

I still owe my friend $50 from last week.

Auditor

Người kiểm toán(chuyên viên kiểm tra và xác nhận tính chính xác của các sổ sách kế toán, báo cáo tài chính/các hoạt động tài chính của tổ chức)

Eg:The auditor reviewed the company’s financial statements to ensure compliance with regulations

The school appointed an auditor to examine its use of public funds

Internal auditors help prevent fraud and mismanagement.

Wait in line at the grocery store

Đứng xếp hàng ở siêu thị

Eg:On weekends, my mother and I usually wait in line at the grocery store, and we look forward to preparing a healthy, home-cooked dinner together.

Come in

Ra mắt,có sẵn trên thị trường

Eg:The sneakers come in different sizes for both adults and kids.

The product came in last week but sold out in two days

A limited edition of the album just came in this morning

Economic bubble

Bong bóng kinh tế(giá tài sản bị đẩy lên cao vượt xa giá trị thật, chủ yếu do đầu cơ và tâm lý đám đông)

Eg:When prices rise faster than logic, income, and common sense, an economic bubble is expanding

When everyone invests because ‘everyone else is doing it,’ you’re probably inside an economic bubble

Open/hold/have a joint account

Mở/đồng sở hữu/có tài khoản chung

Eg:Opening a joint account is easy; staying transparent and responsible is the hard part.

If you hold a joint account with someone, their credit history might affect yours.

Do you think having a joint account is a sign of trust?

Go on a gambling/spending/shopping spree

Tiêu tiền vào cờ bạc/chi tiêu/mua sắm quá đà,mạnh tay=>end up overdrawn:bị âm tiền trong tài khoản

Eg:He went on a gambling spree and lost half of his savings

The company went on a spending spree at the end of the quarter.

If you go on a shopping spree too often, your bank account will cry.

Clear/pay off debt

Trả hết nợ><loan:vay

Eg:I’m trying to pay off all my loans before I turn 30.

He finally cleared his debt and felt like he could breathe again

It took me two years to clear my student debt

Apply for credit

Nộp đơn xin vay tiền=>Lender:người cho vay

Eg:Couples often apply for credit together when buying a home.

He’s thinking of applying for credit to start a small business

We applied for credit to renovate the house, but the bank rejected our application.

Disposable income

Thu nhập khả dụng(tiền dư sau khi trả chi phí cần thiết)

Eg:She used her disposable income to take online courses and invest in herself.

Young people today have less disposable income due to rising rent and living costs.

Export commodity

Hàng xuất khẩu

Eg:As recycling technology improves, some predict that e-waste could become an export commodity of the future, traded just like metal or plastic

Rare banknote/coin

Tiền giấy/đồng xu hiếm

Eg:He kept the rare banknote in a glass frame, not for its price, but for the memory it carried.

Collectors are willing to pay a premium for rare banknotes in flawless condition.

Museums display rare coins to help visitors visualize economic life in ancient times.

Low customs duties

🧭💸mức thuế nhập khẩu thấp

Eg:Thanks to low customs duties, luxury brands are significantly cheaper in some regions.

The company moved its distribution center to a country with low customs duties to reduce costs

Countries with low customs duties often become hubs for international trade.

KOL

Người có tầm ảnh hưởng lớn,“có tiếng nói chuyên môn”,được công chúng tin tưởng vì kiến thức,thành tựu/danh tiếng.><KOC:người tiêu dùng bình thường nhưng có khả năng nhận xét sản phẩm thật

Eg:KOLs and KOCs in Vietnam will soon be legally required to fact-check products before advertising, ushering in a more accountable era of digital marketing.

KOC marketing is powerful because consumers trust real experiences.

The brand invited a famous dermatologist as a KOL to promote their new sunscreen

Request/offer reimbursement

Yêu cầu/đề nghị hoàn tiền=ask for

Eg:The airline offered reimbursement because the flight was canceled.

You can request reimbursement from your insurance provider after paying the hospital fee

Paid for themselves

Tự hoàn vốn

Eg:Her online course paid for itself as soon as she got her first freelance project.

The solar panels paid for themselves within three years through reduced electricity bills

Cargo vehicle

Phương tiện chở hàng

Eg:Cargo vehicles equipped with GPS tracking help reduce delivery errors.

Autonomous cargo vehicles will transform logistics in the next decade.

Numeracy

Kĩ năng/khả năng tính toán

This job requires a high level of numeracy, especially for analysing sales figures.

Many adults struggle with financial numeracy, such as calculating interest rates or budgeting.

Strong numeracy skills help students understand data and solve real-world problems

Take off

to suddenly start to be successful or popular

Eg:The show didn’t take off until the second season.

Her career began to take off when she moved to the city.

Sales took off once the company launched a new marketing campaign.

Budgeting

Quản lý chi tiêu

Budgeting is not about restricting your life, but about directing your money wisely.

She uses a budgeting app to track her monthly expenses.

Budgeting allows students to pay for essentials like food, rent, and textbooks

Make sth less of a hassle

Giúp cái gì đỡ phiền phức hơn,ít rắc rối hơn(so sánh 2 cách làm)

Eg:Mobile banking makes paying bills less of a hassle

Using templates makes report writing less of a hassle.

Sending an email is less of a hassle than arranging a face-to-face meeting.

Smooth,even skin

Làn da mịn màng,đều màu/bề mặt nhẵn,không sần sùi,loang lổ

Eg:In cosmetic advertising, smooth, even skin is frequently portrayed as a standard of beauty

Products with smooth, even skin are often associated with higher quality and better storage conditions

The ceramic bowl has a smooth, even surface

Pension

Lương hưu👴💰#allowance:trợ cấp (thường ngắn hạn)

Eg:Reforming the pension system is essential in societies with a large baby boomer cohort

An ageing population puts enormous pressure on the pension system

After retiring, my grandfather relies mainly on his pension

Have a checking account

Có tài khoản thanh toán=>Draw some money:rút tiền từ ngân hàng /ATM

Eg:When I started living on my own, I opened a checking account and learned how to draw some money responsibly

I drew some money from my checking account to buy groceries

I have a checking account to pay my rent and daily expenses.

Accounting body

Tổ chức kế toán

Accounting bodies ensure that accountants follow ethical and professional standards

The accounting body announced new regulations to address AI-related exam cheating

To work as a certified accountant, you must be a member of a recognised accounting body.

Checkout

Quầy thu ngân,thanh toán trong cửa hàng

Eg:The cashier opened another checkout to reduce waiting time.

I’m waiting at the checkout with a full basket.

She paid by card at the checkout.

Price discrepancy

Chênh lệch giá

The price discrepancy may seem minor, but over time it places a disproportionate financial burden on women

Unexplained price discrepancies may undermine consumer trust and market transparency

The investigation revealed a significant price discrepancy across different retail chains.

Pricing gimmick

Chiêu định giá

Limited-time discounts can be a pricing gimmick to create urgency.

The subscription looks cheap monthly, but it’s a pricing gimmick

Buy one get one free is often a pricing gimmick

Rip someone off

Chặt chém,hét giá#Bargain:Món hời

Eg:$10 for a bottle of water? What a rip-off!

Tourists are often ripped off by local taxi drivers

The retailer totally ripped my grandfather off; they charged him $50 for a picture that’s listed for only $30 online

In tune with

Đồng điệu với,hiểu ý,bắt kịp xu hướng#Out of tune with:Lệch pha,không hiểu ý,lỗi thời

The company’s marketing campaign wasn't in tune with what young people actually want.

The seller wasn't in tune with the customer's needs; he just deliberately ripped them off by claiming the products were limited

After 20 years of marriage, they are perfectly in tune with each other

The Treasury

Bộ Tài chính/Kho bạc Nhà nước

Eg:Treasury officials warned that public debt was unsustainable.

The Treasury announced a new budget to tackle inflation

Business acumen

🤝🔑năng lực tư duy kinh doanh,sự sành sỏi trong thương trường

Business acumen is not about knowing everything — it’s about knowing what matters.

Good business acumen means knowing when to walk away

Understanding local etiquette shows both respect and business acumen.

Business card

Danh thiếp

A business card doesn’t just tell people who you are — it hints at how you work

His business card reflected his professionalism and attention to detail

A well-designed business card leaves a strong first impression

Secure/compete for market share

Giữ vững/cạnh tranh thị phần

Eg:Big brands secure market share, startups compete for it

Lowering prices is one way to secure market share during an economic downturn.

Tech companies fiercely compete for market share in emerging markets.

Rudimentary knowledge/system/equipment

Kiến thức/hệ thống/thiết bị sơ khaithô sơ

Many students lack even rudimentary knowledge of financial literacy.

The hospital relied on a rudimentary record-keeping system.

Early explorers used rudimentary navigation equipment

Magnate

Ông/bà trùm

Once a poor immigrant, he later became an industrial magnate through sheer determination.

The charity campaign gained momentum after a wealthy magnate pledged a significant donation.