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what is foraging?
fishing
hunting
gathering
what is the signifiance of Catalhayuk?
dense, early settled communities
what is agriculture?
farming
what is sedentism
staying in one place, increases social complexity
what is nomadic
movement to food, associated with “band”
what is significant about Abu Horeyra?
transition from foraging to farming, “little cat”
what is significat about Varna Necroplis?
early burial site representing inequality and prestige goods
what is ethnic group?
Shared land
Common descent
Common language
Community of customs
Community of beliefs
what is archaelogical culture?
Recurring set of material traits
Found grouped by region and/or time
Often intangible and some tangible
what is microbotanicals?
require high power technology to see, phytoliths,
what is macrobotanicals?
plant parts visible to the naked eye
what is neolothic revolution?
agricultural revolution, reliance on domesticated plants,radical change in lifestyle
what is neolithic transition?
gradual, long process of adaptions, not one single event
what is reductive technology?
the removal of materials for the desired function
what is percussion flaking?
used for shaping and thinning tools
what is ground stone?
formed by grinding stones together
what is smelting?
the extraction of metal using heat
what is characterization?
sourcing the items by elemental composition
what is exchange?
the transfer of goods, materials and items
what is trade?
organized exchange across distance
what is interaction sphere?
a regional network linking societies
what is band?
small, based on kinship, mobile, no formal leader
what is hunter gatherer?
usually nomadic, hunt animals, get wild animals
what is ethnic group?
shared identity
Sunghir, Russia
oldest burrial cite, demonstrated status
what is palynology?
study of pollen grains
what is phytolith
particles of silica in plant cells that survive after the rest of the plant has decomposed
Fa-Hien Lena, Sri Lanka
evidence of small mammal hunting
Varna, Bulgaria
oldest assemblage of worked gold