Chapter 1: The Human Body

These flashcards cover key concepts from Chapter 1: The Human Body, focusing on anatomy, physiology, structural organization, body systems, and terms related to body position and cavities.

____ is the science of body structures and relationships among structures.

Anatomy

__ is the science of how body structures function.

Physiology

The smallest unit of matter is __.

Atoms

The basic structural and functional units of an organism are __.

Cells

Four basic types of tissues include Epithelial, Connective, __, and Nervous.

Muscular

Organs are composed of __ or more different types of tissues.

two

The __ system breaks down and absorbs food.

Digestive

The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body is called __.

Metabolism

The body’s ability to detect and respond to changes is known as __.

Responsiveness

__ refers to the increase in body size.

Growth

The __ feedback system reverses a change in a controlled condition.

Negative

During labor, the release of __ enhances contractions.

Oxytocin

The __ position has the body lying face up.

Supine

The __ plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

Frontal

A serous membrane covers the __ within the cavities.

viscera

The thoracic cavity contains the __ which surrounds the heart.

Pericardial cavity

The __ level consists of related organs with a common function.

organ system

Intracellular Fluid (ICF) is the fluid __ cells.

within

The __ is the brain's control center for maintaining homeostasis.

Control Center

The __ position has the body lying face down.

Prone

6 levels or organization

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

4 basic tissue types

muscular, connective, epithelial, nervous

6 important life processes

These processes include metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction.

extracellular fluid

fluid outside the cell

interstitial fluid

extracellular fluid between the cells and tissues

3 basic components of the feedback system

receptor, control center, effector