Studied by 2 people
Characterization
the act of creating or developing a character
Exposition
introduction to a story that includes setting, characters, conflict, and provides important background information
Falling Action
follows the high point/turning point of the story; happens as a result of the climax
Plot
the sequence of events in a literary work
Protagonist
the main character in a literary work
Antagonist
the person or force working against the main character
Rising Action
the events leading up to the story's climax
Resolution
the settling of the main/primary conflict in a piece of literature
Narrative Hook
the part of the story that catches the reader's interest & makes them want to go on
Irony
the differences appearance and reality, expectation and result, or meaning and intention
Allusion
a writer's indirect reference to a person, place or thing that the reader should know about
Diction
word choice; a writer's word choice
Dramatic Irony
occurs when the reader knows important information that a character does not know
Verbal Irony
when something is said and something opposite or nearly opposite is meant
Situational Irony
an unexpected event ~ an interesting surprise or coincidence
Setting
the location and time-period in which a story takes place
Climax
high point of interest or suspense in a story
Conflict
a struggle between opposing forces
Narrator
the person telling the story
Tone
the writer’s attitude toward his/her audience or subject
Theme
a central message or insight into life revealed through the literary work
Mood
the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage
Symbol
anything that stands for or represents something else
Figurative Language
writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally
Flashback
when the action in a work stops and the reader is returned to some previous time period or event
Foreshadowing
the use of clues that suggest events that have yet to occur
Imagery
the descriptive or figurative language used in literture to create word pictures
Suspense
the feeling of curiosity or uncertainty about the outcome of event
Oxymoron
the close combing of opposite terms or words to create an ironic effect
Dialogue
a conversation between characters
Hero / heroine
a character who exhibits extraordinary powers such as strength, courage, or intelligence
Inference
a conclusion drawn based on facts presented or gathered
Metaphor
a comparison not using like, as, or than
Simile
a comparison using like, as, or than
Motive
a character’s reason for behaving in a certain way
Onomatopoeia
a word whose sounds suggests or communicates its meaning
Personification
giving non-human or inanimate objects human characteristics
Hyperbole
a figure of speech in which an exaggeration is made for emphasis or humorous effect
Narrative
a written story told in fiction, nonfiction, poetry, or drama
Genre
a category or type of literature
Fiction
prose writing that tells about imaginary characters and events
Nonfiction
prose writing that present and explains ideas or that tells about real people, places, objects or events
Historical Fiction
a fictional narrative set in an actually historical event or moments
Short Story
a brief work of fiction
Autobiography
a form of nonfiction in which a person tells his or her own life story
Biography
a form of nonfiction in which the writer tells the life story of another person
Essay
a short nonfiction work about a particular subject
Prose
the ordinary form of a written language (as opposed to poetry, drama, or song)
Expository
writing that gives information, discusses ideas or explains a process
Poem
piece written in verse: a complete and self-contained piece of writing in verse that is set out in lines of a particular length and uses rhythm, imagery, and often rhyme to achieve its effect
Speaker
the person doing the talking in a poem
Stanza
a group of words in a poem or song that convey/communicate a complete thought
Couplet
two consecutive lines of poetry that thyme
Extended Metaphor
a comparison or several comparisons sustained for several lines or for an entire poem
Monologues
a dramatic speech delivered by a single character in a play
Found Poem
a poem consisting of words, phrases, and/or lines that come directly from another text
Scansion
the analysis of a rhythmic structure
Sonnet
a fourteen-line lyric poem usually written in iambic pentameter
Iambic Pentameter
a five-beat poetic line w/ an alternating pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables
Soliloquy
a long speech delivered by an actor alone on the stage; represents the character's internal thoughts
Ode
a lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter.
Sonnet
a 14-line lyric poem, usually written in iambic pentameter and following a strict pattern of rhyme
Anaphora
the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of two or more clauses or lines
End Rhyme
when the rhyming words come at the end of lines
Meter
a rhythmical pattern which is determined by the number and types of stresses or beats in each line
Rhyme
similar vowel and/or consonant sounds between two or more syllables or words
Rhythm
the pattern of beats or stresses in spoken or written language
Prologue
an introductory passage or speech before the main action of a play, novel or long poem
Narrative Poetry
poems that tell stories
Argument
a form of writing that presents a particular claim or idea and supports it with evidence
Claim
A statement essentially arguable, but used as a primary point to support or prove an argument
Evidence
the information that supports a position in an argument
Reasoning
the thinking or logic used to make a claim in an argument
Rhetoric
the art of expressive speech or discourse & skill in its effective use
Rhetorical appeal
emotional, ethical, and logical arguments used to persuade an audience to agree with the writer or speaker
Ethos
(ethical appeal) a rhetorical appeal that focuses on the character or qualifications of the speaker
Pathos
(emotional appeal) a rhetorical appeal to the reader's or listener's senses or emotions
Logos
(logical appeal) a rhetorical appeal to reason or logic
Logical Fallacy
a statement that is false because it is based on an error in reasoning
Bias
an inclination or mental leaning for or against something; prevents impartial judgment
Anecdote
a brief story used to illustrate a point
Concession
an admission in an argument that the opposing side has valid points
Credibility
the quality of being trusted or believed
Objective
based on factual information
Rebuttal
a reason why a counterargument is wrong
Subjective
based on a person's point of view, opinions, values, or emotions
Works Cited
a list of source material used in the preparation of a work or referred to in the text
Audience
those reached by books, magazines, newspapers, etc.
Persuasive
writing or speech that attempts to convince the reader/listener to adopt a particular opinion or course of action
Rhetorical Question
asked for effect ~ not meant to actually be answered
Mode
a form or manner of expression; style
Thesis Statement
a position/proposition that a person advances & maintains or offers to maintain w/argument
Editorial
an article that expresses a view on a matter of current interest or an expression of such an opinion that resembles such an article
Counter Claim
a position taken by someone with an opposing viewpoint
Voice
distinctive qualities of a writer’s personality & style; includes diction, attitude & idea
Plagiarism
the unattributed use of another writer's words or ideas
Analogy
a comparison between 2 or more things that are similar in some ways but otherwise unalike
Primary Source
an original document or image created by someone who experiences an event first hand
Secondary Source
a discussion about or commentary on a primary source; the key feature of a secondary source is that it offers an interpretation of information gathered from primary sources
Annotated Bibliography
a list of sources used in research along with comments or summaries about each source
Note 
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