Biology Key Concepts: Bonds, Water, Macromolecules, and Enzymes

1. Which of the following is NOT a property of ALL LIFE?

Can walk on 4 limbs (quadruped)

2. Which type of chemical bond is formed when one atom "steals" the electrons from the other atom?

Ionic

3. What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms

4. Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonds is FALSE?

They are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged atoms

5. Which of the following is TRUE regarding Van der Waals interactions?

Is based on the fact that electrons are not always symmetrically distributed in a molecule at any given moment

6. An isotope is an atom that has

: Lost a neutron and weighs less than before, but the charge stays the same

7. Which of the following is NOT a property of water?

It is a poor solvent; meaning nothing will dissolve in it

8. When you dump a glass of water out and a few water droplets remain behind, what is occurring?

Adhesion: the water molecules are attracted to silica in the glass

9. Based on the polarity of water, the solute molecule is most likely what type of molecule?

Cation

10. Which of the following is FALSE?

Cis-trans isomers are mirror images of each other

11. Which of the following is NOT considered a class of biomolecules?

Helium

12. Which of the following is mis-matched?

All of the above are correct

13. A disaccharide is

: A molecule made of 2 simple sugars

14. What is the name of the large structural carbohydrate found in lobster and spider exoskeletons?

Chitin

15. Humans can digest starch but not cellulose because

: Humans have enzymes that hydrolyze α-glycosidic linkages of starch but not β-glycosidic linkages of cellulose

16. When choosing a lipid to use in cooking a healthy meal, you want to use

: A cis-unsaturated fat

17. Which biomolecule is made of amino acids and depends on shape for function?

Protein

18. True or False

The polysaccharide glucose can be stored in liver and muscle tissues in humans. : True

19. Which of the following is true regarding denaturation?

All of the above are true

20. Which of the following is NOT a function of a protein?

All of the above are functions of proteins

21. This inhibitor blocks the substrate binding site of an enzyme.

Competitive inhibitors

22. Which of the following is FALSE regarding enzymes?

Enzymes cannot be re-used; they are destroyed in the chemical reaction

23. The drug example in Awakenings demonstrates

: All of the above apply

24. Which compound is most likely to mimic the effects of a hormone?

A compound with the same three-dimensional form as part of the hormone

25. In developing medications to treat prion diseases, what must be considered?

High specificity of amino acid arrangement determines protein function

26. How does citrus juice make ceviche safe to eat?

Acidic pH denatures proteins by disrupting hydrogen bonds

27. Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?

Make up the plasma membrane

28. Translation is the process of

: Turning RNA into proteins

29. During transcription, ________.

RNA is synthesized from DNA in the nucleus

30. Which of the following is NOT true regarding a hypothesis?

It can be proven True

31. Time, temperature, and GPS location are examples of what kind of data?

Objective

32. Correct order of the scientific method

: Making observations, Ask questions, Propose an answer, Test, Reject or accept hypothesis, Repeat

33. Best description of the scientific method

: It is the process by which we acquire and classify knowledge in science

34. If more competitive inhibitor is added to a reaction, it will

: Slow it down

35. How many amino acids are there?

20