Plumbing Midterms

Pipe

is a round hollow channel used to transport liquids such as water or solid-liquid mixtures such as wastewater from one point to the next

True

In a building plumbing system, pipes transport hot and cold water and remove liquid and solid wastes. True or False

True

Piping in buildings are also used in transporting natural and liquefied petroleum gases, fuel oil, compressed air, refrigerants, and irrigation water. True or False

Pressure pipe and drain, waste, and vent pipe

Water pipe generally falls into one of two categories which are

metal

This type of pipe dominates the pressure category

plastic

most common piping material for DWV

False

DWV Pipe must be heavy enough to hold continuous pressure without rupture, and all connections must be leak proof. True or False

True

DWV pipe provides a channel for waste materials to flow freely away from the fixtures and the buildings by the force of gravity. True or False

False

DWV Pipe are typically of lighter weight and thicker walls than pressure pipe, and joints do not need to be as tightly sealed because there is no pressure exerted to them. True or False

Copper tubing

Traditionally the most popular water supply pipe material

False

DWV Copper tubing are used for drainage, waste, and vent piping. Types K and L are preferred for no pressure applications while Type M are used for pressure applications. True or False

Type K

Is available as either rigid or flexible. It is primarily used for underground water service in water supply systems

Greem

What color does type K copper tubing has for quick visual identification?

Type L

copper tube available in hard or soft temper and in coils and straight lengths much like type K. This type of tubing is most popular for use in water supply systems and color coded blue.

Type M

Copper tube made in hard temper only and is available straight in lengths of 12 and 20 ft. It is normally used for branch supplies where water pressure is not too great, but it is not used for risers or mains.

Type M

This type of tube is usually used in chilled water systems, exposed lines in hot water heating systems, and drainage piping. Color coded as red.

DWV Copper tube

The thinnest copper tube and used in nonpressure applications

Nominal size

Diameter of a copper pipe is expressed in __.

False

The actual size of the diameter of a pipe is 1/10 larger then the nominal size expressed. True or False

Copper Pipe

Is has the advantage of not rusting and being highly resistant to any accumulation of scale in the pipe

False (should be 6.8 or less)

Copper piping should not be installed if it will carry water having a pH of 7.0 or less, as tis could cause copper to corrode from the acidic nature of the water at this pH

Red brass piping

consisting of approximately 85% copper and 15% zine and is used as water supply piping. The pipe is threaded for fitting connects and requires thicker wallet to accomdate the threading

Steel Pipe

When it is forged, a black oxide scale forms on its surface that gives it a dull black finish and as a result it is called black pipe.

Steel pipe or Black Pipe

It is most commonly used for natural gas supply lines and fire suppression sprinkler system lines

Galvanized steel pipe

Covered with a protective coating of zinc that greatly reduces its tendency to corrode and thus extends its life expectancy. It was commonly used for water supply, waste, and vent lines in the plumbing systems through the early 1950s.

True

Steel pipe is typically cut and threaded to fit the job

Lightweight wrought iron pipe

the most commonly used for water supply and fire suppression sprinkler systems

Wrought iron pipe

Is threaded for connection to the fittings and can be identified by a red spiral stripe on the pipe. It has higher friction loss than copper and occasionally used as the service main from the community main to the riser.

Cast iron pipe

commonly used in gravity building and storm drain/sewer systems. The uses of this are limited to gravity pressure systems.

Hub and Spigot, rubber gasket and screw-type clamp

Cast iron pipes and fittings are connected using the -- method. The other one is the no-hub connection that is connected with ----.

Thermoplastic Pipe

sometimes referred to simply as plastic pipe which is used for water supply systems because of its economy and ease of installation.

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)

A thermoplastic pipe which is typically black in color and usually used for drainage, waste, and vent systems. Solvent-cement is used to join these pipe and fittings.

Polybutylene (PB)

A flexible thermoplastic pipe generally approved for use in potable hot and cold water supply applications. The color could be gray while typically blue in underground service lateral use.

False (cannot be connected)

PB Pipe could be connected using solvent-cement welding technique. True or False

Polyethylene (PE)

A flexible thermoplastic pipe which is used for buried cold building water supply and irrigation piping (black in color) and for natural gas and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) applications

Fusion (melt)

\-- welding and compression and flanged connections are used to join PE pipe and fittings carrying gas.

Cross-linked polyethylene

A specific type of medium or high density polyethylene with individual molecules linking one polymer chain to another. This type of pipe is ideally suited for interior potable cold and hot water plumbing applications

Cross-linked polyethylene

has been use successfully in Europe for Plumbing, radiant heating, and snow melt applications since the 1960’s

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

A rigid thermoplastic pipe generally approved for use in pressure applications such as cold water supply applications outside the building. Generally white or gray in color and not suitable for hot water distribution

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)

A rigid thermoplastic pipe generally approved for use in potable hot and cold water supply, fire suppression sprinkler systems and in process piping. Usually beige or tan in color

True

Solvent-cement welding and threaded and flanged connections are used to join CPVC pipe and fittings

Styrene Rubber (SR)

A rigid thermoplastic pipe that is generally approved for use in septic tanks, drain fields, and storm sewers.

Polypropylene (PP)

A thermoplastic pipe that is typically used in chemical waste lines. It can also be used in hot and cold water applications but rarely used due to its linking process which is heat fusion.

Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)

Is an extremely expensive thermoplastic pipe that is used in ultrapure water systems and industrial applications. Joined by heat fusion.

Reinforced Thermosetting Plastic Pipe

Is a thermoplastic resin used in combination with reinforcement and fillers. The most commonly used reinforced thermosetting plastic pipe products are based on polyester or epoxy resins. Produced as a standard product with a full line of fittings. Specially suited for water distribution, sewage, and effluent disposal exposed to highly corrosive conditions

Glass fiber

It is the most common reinforcement used in this type of pipe.

True

Thermoplastic piping materials are available in two sizes, pipe sizes and tubing sizes. True or False

Composite Pipe

A flexible pipe material that is constructed of an aluminum tube laminated between two layers of polyethylene thermoplastic

PE-AL-PE Pipe

An aluminum tube laminated between two layers of PE Plastic. Approved for use in cold and compressed air applications and coded dark blue in color

PEX-AL-PEX Pipe

An aluminum tube laminated between two layers of temperature resistant, PEX Plastic. Remarkably durable within a wide range of temperatures, pressures, and chemicals. Coded orange, light blue, or black in color.

Clay Pipe

Made from vitrified clay that is traditionally used for sewage, industrial, waste, storm water, and drain field applications.

Concrete Pipe

Used as large water supply pipe

Iron Pipe Size (IPS)

The standard by which pipe is measured.

Schedule Number

Obtained from the expression 1000 P/S, where P is the service pressure and S as the allowable stess.

Pressure-level Rating

Provides the pressure rating of the pipe at a given temperature.

Weights Designation

Used for Steel and iron pipe: Standard (STD), Extra Strong (XS), Double Extra Strong (XXS), extra heavy (XH), double extra heavy (XXH)

Plumbing Fixture

Is an approved receptacle, device, or appliance that uses water and discharges wastewater such as water closet, urinal, ang others.

True

Plumbing Fixtures are the only part of the plumbing system that the owners or occupants of the building will see regularly

Water Closet

Is a plumbing fixture that serves as an indoor receptacle and removal system for human waste

North America

In __, water closets are available as single flush, flush tank, or flush valve fixture

Ultra-low Flush water closets

The average water consumption is 1.6 gal or 6L per flush

Flush Tank

It is a water closet that has a water tank as part of the fixture

Flush Valve

This type of water closet has no tank to supply water. Instead, when the handle is pushed, the water to flush the bowl comes directly from the water supply system at a high rate of flow

Dual-flush water closet

A technology first developed in the early 1980s which takes water conservation one step further by just using 1.6 gal (6L) to flush solid water but only 0.8 gal (3L) to flush liquid waste

Flush Performance Index

The National Association of Home Builders Research Center completed performance tests on 49 popular toilet models creating rating from 0 to 82, with lower numbers being better.U

Urinals

Plumbing fixtures commonly used in public restrooms where it is desirable to reduce contamination of the water closet seats.

False (Flush tank and flush valve)

Urinals are available as Flush tank only. True or False

Waterless Urinal

A urinal specifically engineered to eliminate potable water consumption. It does not use water saving about 25,000 gal (100000 L) of potable water per year per fixtureB

Bidet

Personal hygiene plumbing fixtures used for genital and perineal cleanliness

Bathtubs

Plumbing fixtures used for bathing. They are available in enameled iron, cast iron, or fiberglass.W

Whirlpool Bathtubs

Are fitted with jets that propel a current of warm water in a swirling motion

Enameled Iron tubs

Formed of steel that is clad with porcelain enamel finish

Showerhead

An overhead nozzle that sprays down water on the batherH

Shower Fittings

These may be placed over bathtubs instead of having a separate shower space; that is commonly done in residences, apartments, and motels.

Handshower

A showerhead attached to the end of a flexible hose, which that bather can hold during bathing or showering

Low-flow Showerheads

Low water consumption showers

Shower Surrounds

Cover the walls that enclose a shower stall

Shower enclosure

consists of glass panels, either framed or frameless, used to enclose bathtubs, shower modules, shower receptors, and others.

receptor or shower pan

is a shallow basin used to catch and contain water in the bottom of a showering space

gang head shower

has multiple showerheads extending from the top of a post

Lavatory

A bathroom basin or sink for personal hygiene

Vitreous china or enameled Iron

Lavatories are generally available in -- or --

Self-rimming lavatory

have a finished rim that is placed directly over the countertop opening

Undercounter Lavatory

are an installation in which a lavatory is attached to the underside of a countertop

Pedestal Lavatory

have a basin that is supported primarily by a free standing pedestal leg

Kitchen Sinks

are most commonly made of enameled cast iron or stainless steel

Waste disposal

is typically connected to one of the sink drains. Kitchen sinks are generally flush mounted into a plastic laminate or into a composition plastic counter

Utility or service sink

has a deep, fixed basin that is supplied with hot and cold water and is used for rinsing mops and disposing cleaning waterF

Floormount sink

installed into the center of a concave floor to dispose of water. The dome strainer and grate provide a convenient drain and catch basin for general cleaning and maintenance tasks

Laundry Tubs

sometimes called trays, are a large deep sink used in laundry rooms

Drinking fountains

offer users a limitless supply of drinking water at any location where water and sanitary drainage are readily availableW

Water coolers

can deliver 8 galloons or more of chilled drinking water. They require connections to power, water, and drainage.

Emergency Fixtures

include eye-face washes, drench showers, decontamination units, portables and accessories designed for use wherever hazardous substances are present

Restroom

A personal hygiene facility provided to allow use of a water closet by members of the public or by patrons or customersF

Fittings

must be used to connect pipe lengths and make all the pipe turns, branch lines, couplings that join the straight runs, and stops at the end of the runs.

Elbows

Usually 45 deg to 90 deg that are angular fittings used to change the direction of a supply pipe. On a sanitary drainage system, a sanitary bend makes a more gradual turn to prevent blockage.

Tees

There are used in supply system when a line must branch off at a straight run.

Reducing Tee

Allows different pipe sizes to be joined together in a supply system

Sanitary T and Sanitary Y

are tee-like fittings used in sanitary drainage systems that make a more gradual turn to prevent blockage.

Couplings

are used to join straight runs of pipe