C7 - Cracking & Alkenes

What type of bonds do alkanes have between carbon atoms?

single covalent bonds

Give one reason why long chain hydrocarbons do not make good fuels

They are not very flammable

How does long chain hydrocarbons being bad fuels impact demand for short chain hydrocarbons?

There is a high demand for short chain hydrocarbons which is a problem

What can we do in order to meet the demand for short chain hydrocarbons?

Convert long chain hydrocarbons into shorter ones

What happens in cracking?

A long-chain alkane is broken down (cracked) to produce smaller, more useful molecules

What are the products of cracking long chain alkanes?

Shorter chain alkane and alkene

What are the 2 ways cracking can be carried out?

Catalytic cracking, Steam cracking

What 2 things are required for catalytic cracking?

High temperature and a catalyst

What is the job of the catalyst during catalytic cracking?

To speed up the reaction

What 2 things are required for steam cracking?

High temperature and steam

What type of bonds to alkenes have between 2 carbon atoms?

A double covalent bond

Give 2 reasons why alkenes are useful molecules

-Used to make chemicals called polymers

-Can be used as the starting material for other useful chemicals

Are alkenes more or less reactive than alkanes?

More reactive

What is needed to test for alkenes?

Using bromine water

What colour is bromine water?

Orange

What happens if you shake your alkene with bromine water?

The bromine water goes from orange to colourless

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