Studied by 23 people
Notation of magnetic field
We use (x) when the magnetic field goes into the plane.
We use (.) when the magnetic field goes out of the plane.
Magnetic Force
F = qv x B with magnitude: F = qv B \sin{\theta}
F = force
q = charge
v = velocity
B = magnetic field
Right-Hand Rule
Whenever you use the right-hand rule, follow these steps:
Orient your hand so that your thumb points in the direction of the velocity v.
If the charge is negative, turn your thumb by 180 degrees.
Point your fingers in the direction of B.
The direction of FB will then be perpendicular to your palm.
Magnetic force on a current carrying wire
F = ILB with magnitude: F = BIL \sin{\theta}
F = force
B = magnetic field
I = current
L = length of conductor
Magnetic field created by current-carrying wire
B= \frac{\mu_o I}{2\pi r}
B = magnetic field
I = applied current
μo = permeability of free space
r = the distance from the wire where the magnetic field is calculated
Lenz’s Law
The induced current will always flow in the direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
Emf = -N \frac{\Delta \Theta}{\Delta t}
‘Emf’ = Induced voltage or electromotive force.
‘N’ = The number of loops.
‘Δϕ’ = Change within magnetic flux.
‘Δt’ = Change in time
Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction
Whenever a conductor is placed in a varying magnetic field, an electromotive force is induced. If the conductor circuit is closed, a current is induced, which is called induced current.
The induced emf in a coil is equal to the rate of change of flux linkage.
Emf = - \frac{\Delta \Theta}{\Delta t}
emf = electromotive force
dΦ = change in magnetic flux
dt = change in time
Induced current
It is created in three ways:
Changing the area of the loop of wire in a stationary magnetic field.
Changing the magnetic field strength through a stationary circuit.
Changing the angle between the magnetic field and the wire loop.
Motional Emf
Motional emf is the electromotive force generated by the motion of a conductor through a magnetic field.
It is given by the equation emf = Blv, where
B is the magnetic field strength
l is the length of the conductor
v is the velocity of the conductor
This phenomenon is used in various applications, such as electric generators and motors.
When a change of current in one circuit induced a voltage into another circuit, this process is known as
mutual induction
Increasing the current through a conductor will cause the magnetic field around the conductor to
increase in strength
Current flow in a conductor produces
a magnetic field
Whenever there is motion between a conductor and a magnetic field
a voltage is generated in that conductor
Describes it to behaviors of magnetic poles when they are placed next to each other.
a) like poles repel each other
b) unlike poles attract each other
What three factors affect the strength of the magnetic field around the coil?
a) The amount of current through the coil
b) The number of turns on the coil
c) The core material
State the three factors that determine them amount of induced emf.
a) flux density
b) the number of turns in a conductor
c) The rate at which lines of force are cut by the conductor which is determined by the velocity and the angle of cut
State two applications that use the principle of mutual induction.
a) ignition coils
b) transformers
