Biology Lecture Notes Review: Organelles, Body Systems, and Homeostasis

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to organelles, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, body systems, and homeostasis as found in the provided lecture notes.

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Directs all the activities of the cell.

Which organelle produces energy and is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Mitochondria.

What two organelles are specific to plant cells?

Chloroplasts and cell walls; they are important for photosynthesis and structural support.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Protects the cell and allows nutrients to come into the cell.

What is the process of photosynthesis?

Plants use sunlight energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide and water.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Glucose and oxygen.

What is cellular respiration?

The process that converts glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

Why is cellular respiration important to all living things?

It provides the energy needed for cells to function.

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

Glucose and oxygen.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.

What is homeostasis?

The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Why is homeostasis important for organisms?

It allows organisms to effectively function and survive in varying environmental conditions.

What happens to your body when it gets too hot?

It sweats to cool down, allowing evaporation to decrease body temperature.

What happens to your body when it gets too cold?

It shivers to generate heat and constricts blood vessels to conserve warmth.

Name the body levels of organization from smallest to largest.

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism.

What are the main components of tissues?

Groups of similar cells working together.

What structures make up organs?

Different types of tissues working together.

What structures make up organ systems?

Organs that work together to perform complex functions.

How do the respiratory and circulatory systems interact?

The respiratory system brings in oxygen, which the circulatory system transports to cells.

What is the function of the Golgi body/apparatus?

Creates proteins, lipids, and transports materials within the cell.