Cells of the Nervous System

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7 Terms

1
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What are the two main cell types in the nervous system?

Glial cells (support neurons) and neurons (send and process signals)

2
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What do astrocytes do?

provide nutrients to neurons & hold them in place

3
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What do microglia do?

clean up dead cells & protect nervous system

4
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What does myelin do?

Covers the axon to make signals travel faster and more efficiently

5
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What is the job of the cell body (soma)?

Keeps the neuron alive and contains the nucleus, which directs cell functions

6
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What do dendrites do?

Receive signals from other neurons; more dendrites = better learning & memory

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What does the axon do?

Sends electrical signals away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles