NREMT - OBGYN & Special populations

The presence of meconium (green staining) in the amniotic fluid is due to

Stool release by the fetus prior to birth

Prima means ____

First

You arrive to find a mother holding her

2-year-old female who has had worsening croup symptoms despite seeing a doctor. Which assessment tool should you use for this patient?

PAT ( Pediatric Assessment Triangle )

The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) is the appropriate INITIAL assessment tool for this scenario as it allows you to quickly evaluate a child from across the room before a more detailed exam takes place. PAT evaluates three components: appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin. In a child with croup, PAT helps assess respiratory distress through work of breathing (stridor, positioning) and overall appearance (alertness, interaction). This matters because you can get an initial idea of the patient's condition without causing them to get upset or excited, which can worsen their condition.

Gravida means _____

Pregnancy

The normal menstrual cycle is primarily regulated by:

Estrogen & Progesterone

The menstrual cycle is primarily controlled by the cyclical release of estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries, working in coordination with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. Estrogen levels rise during the follicular phase, preparing the endometrium for potential implantation. After ovulation, progesterone dominates during the luteal phase, maintaining the endometrial lining. If pregnancy doesn't occur, both hormone levels drop, triggering menstruation.

During which stage of labor is the baby actually delivered

Expulsion ( Stage 2 )

The Expulsion stage (Stage 2) of labor is when the baby is delivered. This stage begins when the cervix is fully dilated (10 cm) and ends with the birth of the baby. During this phase, strong uterine contractions, combined with maternal pushing efforts, facilitate the baby's delivery. It follows Stage 1 (Dilation), where the cervix dilates and effaces to prepare for delivery, and precedes Stage 3 (Placental), where the placenta is delivered after the baby.

Primigravida means ____

First pregnancy

When managing neonatal fever in emergency calls, what is the most important initial action?

Prioritizing the neonates A,B,C’s

The primary step in addressing neonatal fever involves ensuring the ABCs (airway, breathing, and circulation) are stable, as these are critical for the infant's survival and health. This foundational approach should precede specific symptom management, including fever reduction. It's essential to incorporate caregiver insights along with EMS observations to fully understand the infant's condition, considering factors like mental status and skin appearance.

Based on federal estimates, approximately what percentage of elderly adults have been abused in some way?

Approximately 10%

Federal estimates state that approximately 10% of elderly individuals are abused in some way, these estimates include physical, emotional, and financial abuse.

Short shuffle steps =

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Always remember that any reference to OBGYN and short, shuffling steps is probably PID. It is known as the "PID shuffle"! Everything in the pelvis is inflamed and irritated, so they move in short steps to avoid pain. This pulls less on the irritated pelvic peritoneum.

What type of birth is a surgical procedure in which the baby is delivered through incisions in the abdomen and uterus

Cesarean

Newborns are expected to move all _____ equally at time of birth

Four extremities

If a pregnant female is in active labor, it is important for the EMS professional assess the _____ and ____ of contractions

Frequency and Quality

During normal delivery, the anterior shoulder (closest to the mother's pubic bone) should be delivered first using ________

Gentle downward pressure

_____ is commonly observed in normal pregnancies due to increased metabolic demand and cardiac output

Tachycardia

____ is the standard "healthy" birth weight for a baby born at term (37 to 41 weeks)

6.6 - 7.1 lbs

BLOW BY OXYGEN should always be used at a maximum of _____

5LPM

A pregnant trauma patient presenting with sudden severe abdominal pain, heavy vaginal bleeding, & a rigid abdomen following BLUNT FORCE TRAUMA is most consistent with _____

Abruptio Placenta

A baby born BETWEEN 37 and 41 weeks of gestation is considered a _____

Term baby

What is the MOST reliable sign that labor will BEGIN SOON

Contractions that are consistent

What explains an increased RISK of traumatic BRAIN INJURY in PEDIATRIC trauma?

Pediatric heads are heavier than adults

What personal protective equipment (PPE) are appropriate for managing emergency childbirth?

Gown ; Gloves ; Face shield

The use of condoms, IUD's, surgical birth control (tube tying), and oral contraceptives do not exclude pregnancy or ____

Ectopic pregnancies

1 - 12 weeks is the ____

First trimester

A baby BORN healthy 2 WEEKS BEFORE his or her due date is considered

Term baby

At which gestational age does the pregnant uterus CONVERT from being a pelvic organ to an abdominal organ

16-17 weeks

Which complications ____ normally begin after 10 weeks of gestation

Ectopic pregnancy

Babies born BEFORE _____ are considered PREMATURE

37 Weeks

Morning sickness usually resolves around

14 - 18 weeks

How many stages of labor are there

3

1 - Dilation

2 - Delivery of baby

3 - Delivery of placenta

The pediatrics ____ is longer, floppier and more narrow than an adults

Epiglottis

APGAR stands for

Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, Respirations

MOST of the morbidity and mortality seen in infants with meconium aspiration is related to events that occurred

Before birth

_______ refers to the loss of a pregnancy BEFORE 20 WEEEKS

Spontaneous abortion

Primipara means ____

First live birth

Which stage ends when the cervix is fully dilated

Stage 1

Stage 1 labor consists of which two phases ?

Latent phase and active phase