APUSH Unit 7: 1890 - 1945

Progressive movement

Reform movements at turn of 20th century through WW1 sought to improve life in industrial age --> through action by government. improve democracy and limit power of corporations. Directly caused by industrialization and urbanization.

Muckrakers

Theodore Roosevelt term for people that wrote about corruption

Clayton Antitrust Act

Attempt to improve Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. Forbade creation of monopolies. Officers had to be responsible for anti-trust violations.

conservation movement

Political, environmental and a social movement that seeks to protect natural resources

Philippine-American War

1899-1902 fought to quell Filipino resistance to US control Philippine islands. Filipinos gave up when leader was captured.

Dollar diplomacy

1909-1913 efforts of United States (President = William Howard Taft) to further its aims in Latin America and East Asia. Increase American influence by investing in foreign markets.

interventionists

People like Theodore Roosevelt who insisted that the nation defend its "honor" and economic interests against the demands of the pacifists

Isolationists

People who thought USA shouldn't get involved in foreign affairs

American Expeditionary Force

Consisted of 3M men in army &other 2M that joined various branches of armed services voluntarily. It was the most diverse fighting force in US ever assembled; women were permitted to enlist

Sedition Act

1918 act of the United States Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses, notably speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds.

Scopes Trial

Case in 1925 in which a substitute high school teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school

Harlem Renaissance

Cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s.

Tennessee Valley Authority

FDR 1933, provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley, a region particularly affected by the Great Depression

Works Progress Administration

FDR's New Deal 1933, employing people to build public works

Social Security Act

Part of FDR's 2nd New Deal, 1935, social welfare legislative act which created the Social Security system in the United States.

Bracero Program

1942, Mexican workers received temporary contracts to work in the US while WW2 was going on, many ended up staying in the US. (FDR)

Atlantic Charter

Secret meeting between FDR and Winston Churchill to discuss war aims and strategies about WW2, although the US had not joined yet.

World War II

1939-1945 Allies (US, UK, China, Russia --> unlikely bedmates) vs. Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan)

Manhattan Project

Creating the atomic bomb, didn't tell Stalin about it until after testing (US + UK, but not even the vice president knew)

Scopes Trial

Case in 1925 in which a substitute high school teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school