Retinal Detachment

What is retinal detachment

occurs when the retina separates from its blood supply, leading to a loss of oxygen and nutrients. This can happen due to a spontaneous break or as a result of aging and other risk factors.

Risk factors

• Increasing age

• Macular degeneration

• Severe myopia (nearsightedness)

• Eye trauma

• Previous eye surgery

• Family history of retinal detachment

Signs & Symptoms

• Before detachment:

  • Light flashes

  • "Cobweb" or "hairnet" in vision

• After detachment:

  • Painless loss of vision

  • "Curtain" effect across the visual field

Treatments

• Laser Photocoagulation – Uses laser to seal retinal breaks

• Scleral Buckling – A band is placed around the eye to reduce tension on the retina

• Intravitreal Bubble – Gas bubble injected into the eye to push the retina back into place

• Vitrectomy – Removal of the vitreous gel to relieve traction on the retina

Post op management

• Activity restrictions may be required

• Use of protective eyewear

• Pain management as needed

• Emotional support for vision loss and recovery

Nursing goals

• Maintain visual functioning

• Ensure patient safety

• Provide education on post-op care and prevention