music in western civilization exam 2

slow tempo

common characteristic of the second movement of a classical multi movement work

a rondo is most typically found in the ____ movement of a classical multi movement cycle

fourth

rondo

musical form built aorund a main theme [refrain] that keeps coming back, alternating with contrasting sections [episodes]

ex: ABACA (or ABACABA) → A = refrain (same theme, keeps returning) B,C = episodes (new, contrasting sections)

sonata-allegro

most common form for first movements of sonatas, chamber works, and symphonies

in the classical multi movement form, the third movement is usually in ____ form

minuet and trio

____ gets developed in the development section in sonata-allegro form

any or all of the content from the exposition

in sonata-allegro form →

in the exposition, theme 1 is the tonic key and theme 2 is in a contrasting key

in the recapitulation, theme 1 and theme 2 are both in the tonic key

the four parts of exposition (chronologicaal order) in sonata-allegro form →

theme 1, bridge, theme 2, closing theme

a minuet and trio with a simple binary minuet and a rounded binary trio is diagramed:

||: a :|| : b : || ||: c :|| : dc’ : || ab

format for the double exposition in the first movement of a solo concerto →

exposition 1 (orchestra only)

theme 1 (tonic)

bridge (tonic)

theme 2 (tonic)

closing (tonic)

exposition 2 (soloist + orchestra)

theme 1 (tonic)

bridge (modulates)

theme 2 (contrasting key)

closing (same key as theme 2)

____ typically make up Haydn symphony

four movements

the popularity of domestic music making, the piano’s replacing of the harpsichord and the clavichord in the home, and an increase of public concerts in the late eighteenth century are all a result of…

an increase in the number of middle class citizens throughout Europe

apostolo zeno, pietro metastasio, and lorenzo da ponte all seved as court poet in…

Vienna

form

element of music that allows composers to express contrasting moods in an organized fashion

string quartet consists of:

two violins, viola, and cello

in musical compositions, a theme is…

a musical idea that is used as a building rock

a composer can fragment a theme by dividing it into smaller musical units called…

motives

motives

smallest recognizable unit of a theme

haydn fully developed and standarized the ____ genre

string quartet

the system in which the aristocracy sponsored musicians is called…

patronage

patronage

wealthy aristocrats financially supported musicians in exchange for compositions and performances

enlightenment principles

universality, fraternity, reason

the german word for “sentimentality” is…

empfindsamkeit

an embracing of enlightenment principles inspired the…

french revolution

classical era runs:

1750-1825

new styles in the eighteenth century placed musical focus on…

melody

the primary aim of instrumental music in the early to middle class period was…

to appeal to a wide variety of performers and audiences

groups of instruments is the nucleus of the orchestra:

strings

the ____ movement of a classical multi movement work is most likely to include examples of simple binary form [simple and rounded binary]

third

the function of the bridge in sonata-allegro form is…

to modulate to a new key

the directive at the end of a movement to begin the next movement without pause is:

attacca

the term that best describes beethoven’s use of the short-short-short-long “fate” motive in each of the four movements of his fifth symphony is…

cyclical