Physical Properties of Matter

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the physical properties of matter, including definitions, processes, and the effects of temperature and pressure.

What is the formula for calculating density?

Density = mass / volume.

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.

What are the units for measuring volume?

Volume is measured in cubic centimeters (cm³) or liters (L).

What defines the state of matter in a substance?

The state of matter is determined by the balance between kinetic energy of the particles and the attractive forces between them.

What occurs during condensation?

Condensation is the process where a gas loses heat and turns into a liquid.

How does temperature affect the kinetic energy of particles?

Increasing temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles, causing them to move faster.

What happens to particles in a solid?

Particles in a solid are closely packed together and vibrate in fixed positions.

What is the state of matter that has no definite shape or volume?

Gas.

What process occurs when a solid changes directly into a gas?

Sublimation.

What does increasing pressure do to a gas?

It decreases the volume and can cause the gas to become a liquid if the temperature is low enough.

What is melting?

Melting is when a solid gains heat and changes into a liquid.

What is deposition?

Deposition is the process where a gas changes directly into a solid without first becoming a liquid.

What characterizes a liquid?

Particles in a liquid are close together but can move more freely, allowing it to flow and take the shape of its container.

What happens when the temperature decreases in a substance?

Decreasing temperature decreases the kinetic energy of particles, slowing them down and potentially causing a phase change.