PART 2 (LIPIDS)

Cholesterol
Phytosterol

STEROL (SOLID ALCOHOL)

Cholesterol

STEROL (SOLID ALCOHOL)
- Solid alcohol from animals

Phytosterol

STEROL (SOLID ALCOHOL)
- Solid Alcohol from plants

Sterols
Sex Hormone
Cardiac Glycosides
Bile Acid
Sapogenins

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS

Sterols

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS
- R is an aliphatic side chain, they contain one or more OH group attached in alicyclic linkage.

Sex Hormone

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS
- C17 bears a ketonic or hydroxyl and frequently carried a two- carbon side chain.

Cardiac Glycosides

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS
- R is a lactone ring.

Bile Acid

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS
- R is a five carbon side chain termination in a carboxylic acid group

Sapogenins

CLASSIFICATION OF STEROIDS
- R contains an oxycyclic (ethereal) ring system.

Saturated Fixed Oils (Edible)
Monosaturated Fixed Oils
Polyunsaturated Fixed Oils

FIXED OILS

Coconut Oil
Palm Oil
Palm Kernel

Saturated Fixed Oils (Edible)

Castor Oil (Ricin, Ricinoleic acid)
Olive Oil (Oleic acid)
Peanut Oil (Oleic acid)
Rapeseed Oil (Eruric Acid)

Monosaturated Fixed Oils

Canola Oil

Rapeseed oil is also known as?

Soybean

World's most important oil

Soybean oil
Cottonseed oil
Sesame oil (Gingelly)
Almond oil
Persic oil
Corn oil
Safflower oil (Kasubha)
Sunflower oil
Linseed oil (Flaxseed oil)

Polyunsaturated Fixed Oils

Theobroma Oil (Food for the Gods)
Lanolin Oil (Wool fat)
Anhydrous Lanolin
Cod Liver Oil

FATS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

Animal Waxes
Plant Waxes

WAXES

a. Spermaceti
b. Beeswax

ANIMAL WAXES

a. Jojoba oil
b. Carnauba wax

PLANT WAXES

Terpenoids

- composed of isoprene units
- also known as ISOPRENOIDS

Monoterpenoids
Sesquiterpenoids
Diterpenes
Triterpenoids
Tetraterpenoids

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS

Camphor
Cineole
Menthol
Thymol

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS
Monoterpenoids

Artemisinin
Chamomile
Feverfew
Valerian

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS
Sesquiterpenoids

Forskolin
Gingko
Taxol

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS
Diterpenes

Cucurbitacins
Azadirachtin

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS
Triterpenoids

Neem

Azadirachtin is from what tree?

Β- carotene
Vitamin A

CLASSES ACCDG. TO NUMBER OF ISOPRENE UNITS
Tetraterpenoids (Carotenoids)

- Source of Vit. A; photoprotective anti-cancer agents
- Phytoalexins
- Allelochemicals
- Pheromones

Carotenoid Uses:

Alcohols
Ketones
Aldehydes
Phenols
Ethers
Esters
Oxidases

CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF TERPENOIDS
OXYGENATED DERIVATIVES

HC Terpenoids

CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF TERPENOIDS
NON-OXYGENATED DERIVATIVES

Insect feedants
Repellants
Pollination attractants
Defense against herbivores
Pheromones
Allelochemicals
Plant hormones
Signal molecules

FUNCTIONS OF TERPENOIDS