Chapter 2: One Dimensional Kinematics (Straight Line Motion)

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Physics

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29 Terms

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Kinematics

Deals with the concepts that are needs to describe motion. How things move in a straight line.

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Dynamics

The effect that forces have on motion.

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x_{0}

initial position

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x

final position

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\Delta

“change in”

final - initial

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\Delta x=x-x_{0}

Equation for displacement

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One-dimensional kinematics
Deals with motion along a straight line, considering only one direction.
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Displacement
The change in position of an object. It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction. Symbolized by Δx.
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Velocity

The rate of change of displacement. It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction. It is calculated as the displacement divided by the elapsed time.

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\overrightarrow{v}=\dfrac{\Delta \overrightarrow{x}}{\Delta t}

Equation for average velocity

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moving in the positive direction

If average velocity is positive, the object is…

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moving in the negative direction

If average velocity is negative, the object is…

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not moving

If average velocity is zero, the object is…

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v= total distance/total time

Equation for average speed

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Speed

The rate of change of distance traveled. It is a scalar quantity, having only magnitude. It is calculated by the total distance traveled divided by the time taken.

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Acceleration

The rate of change of velocity. It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction. It is calculated as the change in velocity divided by the time taken.

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increasing with time

If average acceleration is positive, the speed is…

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decreasing with time

If average acceleration is negative, the speed is…

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at constant speed

If average acceleration is zero, the speed is…

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Equations of Motion

The equations that relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.

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x

Variable for displacement

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a

Variable for acceleration

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v

Variable for velocity

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v_{0}

Variable for initial velocity

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t

Variable for time

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Free fall

All bodies at the same location above the Earth fall vertically with the same acceleration.

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Acceleration due to gravity

The motion of free fall and the acceleration of a freely falling body

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-9.80 m/s²

Acceleration (a) is equal to

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9.80 m/s²

Acceleration due to gravity (g) is equal to