AAS: Chapter 4

White Affirmative

A series of exceptions, put forth by the southern arm of the Democratic Party, which prevented a large majority of nonwhites from benefiting from President Franklin D. Roosevelt's welfare and work programs under the New Deal.

Reaganomics

The economic policies supported by President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s, which included tax cuts for corporations and high earners, and decreases in spending for social programs.

Audit Studies

Studies designed to test for discriminatory behavior; Researchers may, for example, send 2 individuals matched in every way except race to apply for a job and then evaluate whether the employer favored one race over the other.

Split Labor Market

A labor market in which there are at least 2 groups of workers whose price of labor differs for the same work or would differ if they did the same work.

Race Based Channeling

A process by which, as jobs become associated with a certain racial group, other members of that group are steered toward the same jobs.

Homosocial Reproduction

The tendency of authority figures to fill positions of power in an organization with people like themselves.

Affirmative Action

A collection of policies and practices designed to address historic and institutional wrongs through employment and educational opportunities.

Welfare

Government intended to allocate resources to help disadvantaged people, including those who are poor, elderly, war veterans, unemployed, and disabled.