Quiz 4 (3.2.1-3.2.2)
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Last updated 1:49 PM on 2/9/23
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61 Terms
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Survey
Gather information with senses
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Assess
Evaluate the scene
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Size-up
Control the situation, identify hazards, and ensure safety
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Primary assessment
Determine the health conditions of the patient and bystanders and observe threats
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Secondary assessment
Head-to-toe examination of the patient and taking vitals
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Steps of primary assessment
Forma a general impression of the patient, determine the mechanism of injury, determine the patient’s responsiveness, consider stabilizing the patient’s spine, and check the ABCs
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What is the mechanism of injury
What caused the damage
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What are the ABCs
Airway, breathing, circulation
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Why do they stabilize a patient’s spine
Not stabilizing a patient’s spine could lead to a cervical fracture
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Cervical fracture
A broken neck from excessive force on the spine
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What can a cervical fracture cause
It can result in a spinal cord injury that can lead to loss of sensation, paralysis, or death
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Stridor
Noisy breaths, wheezing due to a constricted airway
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Bag-valve-mask resuscitator
A bag with a hand-held pump for manual ventilation
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Ventilation
The provision of air
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Steps of secondary assessment
Perform rapid physical assessment, take vitals, get a patient history, and provide appropriate emergency care
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Pupillary response
The involuntary change in pupil size
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Constriction
The narrowing of the pupil
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Dilation
The widening of the pupil
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Pupillary reflex
The response of the opposite eye when light is shone
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Intubate
The inserting a tube for ventilation
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Endotracheal tube
A tube used for ventilation
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Skin turgor
The measure of elasticity of the skin
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What does skin turgor indicate
Dehydration
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Antigens
Anything that stimulates immune response
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Antibodies
Works to impair pathogens
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Anaphylaxis
A severe systemic allergic reaction that affects multiple organ systems
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What organ systems does anaphylaxis affect
Respiratory and integumentary
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What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis
Swelling, hives, flushed skin, nausea, and dizziness
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Histamine
A chemical released upon contact with an allergen
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What does histamine cause
It causes the dilation of blood cells, increased heart rate, and gland secretion
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What does histamine do when partnered with other chemicals
It can cause the closing of the airway and increased blood cell permeability
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Bronchoconstriction
The inflammation and constriction of airways
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What treats anaphylaxis
Epinephrine/Epi-pens
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What does epinephrine do
It increases blood flow and opens the throat so the person can breathe
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Enteral
Enters through the digestive tract
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Parenteral
Medication that enters the body in a way other than the digestive tract
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What are the two types of enteral medication
Oral and rectal
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What are the three types of parenteral medication
Inhaled, topical, injection, and infusion
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Oral
Swallowed/dissolved in the mouth and absorbed there
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Example of oral medication
Pills/liquids
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Rectal
Absorbed through the rectum
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Example of rectal medication
Suppositories and enemas
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Inhaled
Breathed in through the nose or inhaled through the lungs
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Example of inhaled medication
Nasal spray or inhalers
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Topical
Applied on a specific inflamed site
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Example of topical medication
Skin creams, ointments, ear drops, and eye drops
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Injection
Medication delivered for quick absorption through the bloodstream
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Example of injected medication
Shots
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Infusion
Delivered through veins/bloodstream over a period of time
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Example of infused medication
Intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous
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Intravenous injection
Injected directly into the veins
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When do you use intravenous injection
When medicine is needed quickly, it can’t be taken orally, or it is too irritating for intramuscular or subcutaneous injection
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Intramuscular injection
Injected into muscle tissue to be absorbed by the bloodstream
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When do you use intramuscular injection
When you need something quicker than subcutaneous and easier than an IV
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Subcutaneous
Injected into the tissue under the skin and above the muscle
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When do you use subcutaneous injection
When the medication needs to diffuse throughout the body
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Dehydration
When the body loses more fluids than is being taken in
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Causes of dehydration
Not drinking enough water, excessive vomiting, sweating, or diarrhea
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Symptoms of severe dehydration
Weakness, fainting, increased heart rate, increased respiration rate, and shock
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Treatment for mild dehydration
Drinking extra water/sports drinks
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Treatment for severe dehydration
Medical intervention, IV
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Flashcards (67)