Iran, APCOMP

Why do we study Iran

close to theocracy, democratic elements for legitimacy

1979 revolution

ciritical regime change

Rafsanjani

sml reforms

khatami

fairly libers, classic liberal ideals (women can vote, uniferistes, civil society) turned over by guardain council

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 

Conservative, very right, reactionary to Khatami, win run-off vote, does not have a religious background 

Political pluralism

many different political groups reaching a compromise 

Presidential election 2009 

• Called the Green Movement - protest 

• Allegations of fraud 

• Khamenei agreed to an investigation 

• Mousavi v Ahmadinejad 

policies under Ahmadinejad

no reformists, morlaist police, SHARIA MORE STRICTLY ENFORCED, islamic law

President Rouhani 

Reaction too Agmanienjad 

supreme leader

head of judiciary

judciary

appointed people of the guardian council

guardian council

guards islam

president

comes from voters, head of gov

the guaridan council limits the list of…

running presidents

legislatrue

unicameral, Majilis

head of state

president

lower house

majilis

upper house

none

____ system

unitary

cheif of judical body

supreme court

semi ______ _____

semi presidential theocracy

electoral system

single member and multi member district majoirty

supreme leader is

ayatollah ali khameni

abt supreme leader

faquih

authroity to overule presidnet

declare war

head of judicary

appoint half of guardian council

need gov given knoelwge

savak

secret police

people and nations

Persians is most of pop

Tehran is the capital

islamic revolution

overthrow of monarhcy (shah mohammad reza pahlavi)

shift from western backed monarch to islamic goverment based on shia islam

greemvmnt

president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, democratization limited

surpeme leader change

Khomeini to Khamenei, chosen by assembly of experts 

O → A

Khomeni

modernist

khamenei

traditionalist, bureaucratic

who choses and approves presidents

guardian council

ahmadinejad

human rights

non cerlic

conservative

rouhani

reform (won agaisnt ahmadinejad)

modertation

irans resource —-

resource curse, rentier state

Assembly of religious Experts 

• Executive and kinda legislative  

• No females, only 88 males 

• Directly elected by the peoples

• Single Memebr District Pluality Voting

plurality

need to have more votes than anyone else, more votes than other

main job of of assembly of religous experts

• Only constitutional body with the authority to appoint and dismiss the supreme leader ⭐️main job 

abt Guardian Council 

12, 6 clerical members appointed by Supreme Leader,

6 members elecred by head of judicalsry (chosen by the supreme leader),

• Kinda like upper house of parliamanet -- unicameral legislature, laws are chekced

guardian council has the right to

•  determine who can run in local presidential, parliamentary(?) and assembly of religious experts ⭐️⭐️⭐️

Expediency council

• Settle disputed between Majles and Gaurdain council 

• May originate its own legislation 

  • No checks and balances, voters are gonna see corrpution = challenge legitimacy 

• 39 members

abt president

• Head of government 

• Executive 

• 8 year consecutive term limit 

  • SIMILAE TO RUSSIA

HAS TO BE SHIA/SHI ITE CANT BE ANYTHING ELSE

president powers

• Slelected vice presidents and cabinet members

• Sings treaties laws and agreements 

• Appoints provincial governors, town mayors, and ambassadors 

the US cabinet is like the ___ ________ in iran

vice presidents

Bureaucracy

DOMINATED BY CELERGY, THEOCRACY!! Intelgience aganeices, Replaced Shahs Savak

faki

The surpeme leaders intepreration of Islam is right 

abt Majilis

parliament, 5 guaranteed seats for recognized religious minorities 4 legitimacy

christinaty, jews, zorashians ; all monotheisits

NOT RUBBER STAMP

civil society is …

weak, but does exist

Green movment 

• Reelection cycle, gets reelected, RELATE TO ADAMEDENAJAD AFTER FIRSST TERM, VERY OPRESSIVE - MUSABI RUNNS AGAISN TBUT ADA WINNNS WHICH LEADS TO THE WUSETION OF LEGITMACY 

Green movment 

• Reelection cycle, gets reelected, RELATE TO ADAMEDENAJAD AFTER FIRSST TERM, VERY OPRESSIVE - MUSABI RUNNS AGAISN TBUT ADA WINNNS WHICH LEADS TO THE WUSETION OF LEGITMACY 

azeria

minoirty, ivr close to azerbaijan

why worry about the azeria

•  nationalist movements, taking away territory 

Ba’hai

largely prosecutied group in russia

social class, lower middle and peasantry

Government programs to the peasantry and lower middle class = support regime 

main cleavage

religion

women in iran

can vote in 1963; before the revolution, can run in the majiles, cant run for presidency

Princpliasts v reformists??

??

IRAN AND RUSSIA, RESOURCE CURSE/TRAP AND RENTIER STATE 

IRAN AND RUSSIA, RESOURCE CURSE/TRAP AND RENTIER STATE 

bonyard

kinda like quangod, “autonomous“, appointed by supreme leader, not attachted to gov but directed by peope by supreme leader, sere a charitable purpose, in charge of state owned business, think of the mob, monpoloize a lot of sectors of the economy

revolt in 2019 bc oil prices

put down a revolutionary guard, realte to tinnanmen square

revolutionary guard

protects the outcomes of the revoltuion, army for region/regime, protect from 1979 repeat

two types of laws

sharia law and quanun

abt judicary

no indepedent courts, surpeme leader appoints cheif justice who appointed sneir judges

penal code (retribution law)

strict, harsh, - death pentaly

shari;a

islamic, foundation, community, brothers and sisters,

qunan

no sacred basis, the poeples law, never contradict sharia, guardain concil an surpeme leader must make sure all laws apply interpretations of shari’a

basij

resistance force

national elextions for

assemly of relgious experts

majilis

president

election to majilis and presdient are by ….

pluality, winner take all

two major coalitions

conservative v reformist

conservativist

wary of western, regime est in 1979, poltical and relgois decions should be =, support right of clerics to run poltical system

reformists

belive polticial systems need reforms, kinda agree w western, belive shi is impotant, poltical leaders do not have to be clerics

intrest groips are

very weak