A level quiz 1.3

Old English

The earliest form of the English language, brought to Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th

century and predominant there until approximately 1100. (Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum)

Middle English

The spoken and written language, which evolved from the fusion of Norman French and Old

English dialects. Prominent in England and other parts of the British Isles between

approximately 1100 and 1500. (Whan that Aprill with his shoures soote)

Early Modern English

The period between approximately 1500 and 1800, marked by a relatively sudden and

distinctive change in pronunciation and the increased inclusion of vocabulary of continental

European and classical origin. (Beowulf)

Late Modern English

The name given to English written and spoken from approximately 1800 until the present day. (internet, byte)

Graphology

the writing system of a language, as well as other visual elements on a page; the study of the way people make letters and words (Letter shape, slants)

Orthography

The part of the language concerned with letters and spelling. (ph)

Pragmatics

A branch of linguistics concerned with the ways in which meaning can alter according to the

context of utterance. (How are you?)

Noun

Word that names a person, place, thing, idea, or animal

Proper Nouns

A proper noun is the specific name of a person, place, organization, or thing and is always capitalized in writing

Verb

word that describes an action, a state of being, or an event for the subject of a sentence

Transitive Verb

a direct object to receive its action (She read the book)

Adjective

describes a noun or pronoun, providing more information about its qualities or quantities

Predicate Adjective

follows a linking verb (like is, seems, feels, looks) and describes the subject of the sentence (a RED apple)

Adverbs of Manner

describe how an action is performed and often end in "-ly" (quickly)

Pronoun

Words that replace nouns (he, she)

Possessive Pronouns

show ownership without using an apostrophe (theirs, its)

Spatial Prepositions

location of a noun or pronoun in space (between, across)

Interjection

words that express strong emotions (Ouch!, hey!)

Volitive interjections

express commands, requests, or wishes, often used to get someone's attention or prompt action (help!)

Conjunction

words that connect other words, phrases, or clauses (and, but, so)

Subordinating Conjunction

join a dependent clause to an independent clause (because, although, if, when)

Coordinating Conjunctions

Words that connect other words, phrases, or clauses to create longer, more complex sentences and ideas (and, but, or)

Determiners

words that come before a noun to specify or quantify it (The, these)

Definite Articles

used to refer to a specific or particular person, place, or thing, whether it's unique (like the sun) or has been previously identified (the)

Analogy

comparison between two unrelated things to explain a complex idea by relating it to something familiar (The human heart is like a pump)

Audience

group of people who receive a communication or share an interest in a particular subject, event, or performance (adults, kids)