Veterinary Medicine Review

Vocabulary flashcards based on provided lecture notes on veterinary medicine.

Coaptation Splint

Anchor splint. Initial first-aid treatment for a dog with an open fracture includes all of the following except A Thomas splint is an example of a

Hip Dysplasia

Golden Retriever.

Robert Jones Bandage

Function is to stabilize a fracture before surgery.

Velpeau Sling

Used to support the shoulder joint after surgery.

Geriatric Conditions

Arthritis and degenerative joint disease.

Robert Jones Bandage

Most commonly used for temporary immobilization of fractures distal to the elbow or stifle before surgery.

Schroeder-Thomas Splint

Used on simple, closed fractures of the radius and ulna or tibia and fibula in young dogs and occasionally on large animals (mostly the rear limbs of cattle).

Toes of Bandaged Limb Monitoring

Should be monitored daily for warmth, color, sensitivity and swelling.

Ehmer Sling

Used to stabilize the coxofemoral joint.

External Fixation Devices

Bone plate is NOT an example of external fixation devices.

Fracture Apposition

Placing the bones back in to their normal position.

Anterior Drawer Movement

Detects a problem with the stifle.

Osteosarcoma

A malignant bone tumor.

Open or Compound Fracture

A skin wound is present with the fractured bone.

Mason-Metasplint

A metacarpal fracture in which bone could be treated with a Mason-Metasplint.

Positive "Drawer Sign"

Dog has a Cruciate Ligament Injury.

Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Procedure commonly performed on dogs is TPLO.

Medial Patella Luxation (MPL)

Predisposed in the Chihuahua breed.

Degenerative Joint Disease

Most common in Obese or senior dogs.

Osteochondrosis Dissecans

Can be treated with Arthroscopy.

Panosteitis

Commonly known as "Growing pains".

Thoracic Radiographs for Bone Tumor

Taken to check for metastatic disease.

NSAID

Gabapentin is NOT an NSAID.

Ecchymosis

Blood under the skin produced by ruptured blood vessels in the area.

Pruritus

Refers to itching.

Canine Otitis Externa

Infectious agents most often involved are Yeast and bacteria.

Otodectes Cynotis

Mite that lives in the external ear canal.

Otodectes Cynotis Diagnosis

Microscopic exam of the exudate in mineral oil.

Atopic Dermatitis

Another way to describe environmental allergies.

Atopic Dermatitis

Most commonly treated skin disorder in small animal practice.

Atopic Dermatitis Clinical Signs

Itching without a rash or skin lesion is NOT a clinical sign.

Atopic Dermatitis Genetic Predisposition

Chihuahua does not have a genetic predisposition.

Atopic Dermatitis

Essential oil will usually clear up flares is a FALSE statement.

Fleas Identification

Presence of the dirt.

Microsporum Spp. Clinical Sign

Patches of alopecia

Microsporum spp. Culture Results

Culture will take 5-8 days to yield results.

Zoonotic

Microsporum spp.

Pyoderma

Bacterial infection of the skin.

Acute Moist Dermatitis

Also referred to as a hot spot.

Acute Moist Dermatitis Etiology

Stretptococcus.

Anal Gland Issue

Abscess and rupture can happen.

Anal Gland Abscess

Excessive scooting is a clinical sign.

Histiocytomas Location

Face, lips, legs and abdomen of younger dogs.

Histiocytoma Treatment

Typically resolve on their own.

Lipomas

Lipomas are movable meaning they don't have a point of attachment.

Lipoma Diagnosis

FNA diagnostic is the least invasive and can be evaluated in house.

Papilloma

Another common name for warts.

Sebaceous Cysts Treatment

Surgical removal.

Non-Malignant Mass

Lipoma.

First Intention

Edges of the wound are held in close apposition without the formation of granulation tissue or significant scarring.

Wound Healing Order

Inflammation > proliferation > maturation.

Inflammation Signs

Infection is NOT a sign of inflammation.

Inflammation Time

Immediately after damage has occurred.

Wound Component

Red Blood cells does not leak into the wound

First Responder

Neutrophils are known as the first responder.

Phagocytic Action

Macrophages are responsible for this action.

Wound Healing

The protease and collagenase contained in the pus like exudate will impair tissue healing by solubilizing connective tissue.

Granulation Time

Occurs 4-6 days post wounding.

Infected Wound Drainage

Pus impairs tissue healing.

Wound Maturation

Begins about 3 weeks after injury.

Fibrin Clot Removal

At peak debridement

Collagen

Substance that rapidly increases during the first 3 weeks of healing.

Steroids

Delays healing time

Second Intention Healing

Healing of a wound by granulation tissue formation, epithelialization, and contraction.

First Phase of Wound Healing

Inflammatory Phase.

Granulation Tissue

Begins to fill the wound after 3-5 days.

Healthy Granulation Tissue Color

Pink.

Final Phase of Wound Healing

Maturation phase

Diabetes Effect on Wound Healing

Diabetes alters tissue perfusion and the release of oxygen.

Debridement

Healing cannot occur in an area abundant in foreign material and contamination.

Wound Lavage

0.05% Chlorhexidine solution can be added to your sterile isotonic fluids.

Staged Surgical Debridement

Involves removing obviously necrotic tissue, but leaving those with questionable viability to be reassessed later.

Biological Debridement

Consists of maggots being used to ingest necrotic tissue.

Mechanical Debridement

Uses an adherent bandage layer to non-selectively debride heavily contaminated wounds in the inflammatory phase.

Third Intention Healing

Wounds are allowed to form a healthy bed of granulation tissue, which is then folded onto itself with closure of the skin.

Delayed Primary Closure

The wound is treated as an open wound for 2 or 3 days to allow drainage and elimination of infection, and then the wound is surgically closed.

Function of Passive Drain

Allows fluid to exit the dead space by flowing along the drain surface through capillary action, gravity dependent.

Function of Active Drain

Work by creating a vacuum within the wound and allowing wound fluid to be removed via a rigid fenestrated drain into an external collection container.

Drain Removal

Around 3-5 days after placement when the amount of wound fluid decreases.

Burns

Pets jumping on a hot stove is NOT a common cause.

First Degree Burn

Superficial and are confined to the outermost layer of the skin

Second Degree Burn

Result of partial-thickness dermal injury

Third Degree Burn

Full-thickness injuries characterized by a thick, leathery, often black layer of dead dermis

Antiseptic

0.05% Chlorhexidine used to flush wounds.

Creatinine & Azotemia

To differentiate these causes, the SC must be interpreted along with Urine specific gravity (SG)

Bladder Stone Hyperechoic

Bright white image is projected on the ultrasound monitor.

Contrast Study

Excretory urography is used to evaluate the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder.

Urolith

The first place that the urine backs up into Renal pelvis.

Kidney Inflammation

Nephritis.

Acidifying Diets

Will help to prevent Struvite bladder stones.

Urinary Catheter Placement

NOT Administration of in situ antibiotics.

Lethargic feline

Suffering from Urethral obstruction.

Pelvic Fractures

Suspect A ruptured urinary bladder may also happen.

Urethral Obstruction

Cats must always be sedated to have a urinary catheter passed is least accurate

Cystocentesis

Contraindicated in all of the following except: Periparturient dams

Dehydrated Dog

Urine specific gravity would expect to see is 1.060

Aseptic Technique

Cystocentesis is the most aseptic technique for collecting urine

Chronic Kidney Disease

Repairing the damaged kidney

Diuretic

Stimulates urine production.

Urate Crystals

Breed of dog that frequently has urate crystals in its urine is the Dalmatian.