Chapter 22 - Enlightenment and Revolution

Frederick II

Frederick II

________, Prussia's ruler from 1740 until 1786, dedicated himself to improving the country.

John Locke

________, a philosopher, had a more optimistic view of human nature.

François Marie Arouet

________ was probably the most intellectual and influential of the philosophes.

Voltaire

________ frequently employed satire to defame his opponents.

outspoken opponent

Locke was a(n) ________ of absolute monarchy and a proponent of self- government.

1609

In ________, Galileo constructed his own telescope and used it to examine the cosmos.

Galen

The works of an ancient Greek physician named ________ were accepted as reality by European doctors during the Middle Ages.

Peter

In the early 1700s, Russia's ruler, ________ the Great, had campaigned for years to get a port on the Baltic Sea.

Joseph II

________, Maria Theresa's son and successor, ruled Austria from 1780 to 1790.

Galileo

________ learnt as a young man that a Dutch lens maker had created a device that could magnify far- off things.

Galileo Galilei

________, an Italian scientist, built on the new astronomical theories.

Joseph II of Austria

________ was the most radical royal reformer.

Voltaire

He published almost 70 books of political writings, philosophy, and theatre under the pen name ________.