Functional Groups (Biology)
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18 Terms
Hydroxyl Definition
A group containing an oxygen atom connected by a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom: -OH
Carbonyl Definition
A group containing a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O
Carboxyl Definition
A group containing a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to a hydroxyl group: -C(=O)OH or -COOH
Amino Definition
A group containing a nitrogen atom single bonded to a hydrogen atom and single bonded to another hydrogen atom: -N(-H)H or -NH2
Phosphate Definition
A group containing an oxygen atom single bonded to a phosphorous atom which is double bonded to an oxygen atom and single bonded to two other oxygen atoms: PO4
Methyl Definition
A group containing a carbon atom single bonded to three separate hydrogen atoms: CH3
Hydroxyl Properties
Polar, hydrophilic
Carbonyl Properties
Polar, hydrophilic
Carboxyl Properties
Acidic, polar, hydrophilic
Amino Properties
Basic, polar, hydrophilic
Phosphate Properties
Acidic, polar, hydrophilic
Methyl Properties
Nonpolar, hydrophilic
What function group is in the first box?
Hydroxyl
What functional group is in the second box?
Methyl
What functional group is in the third box?
Carbonyl
What functional group is in the fourth box?
Carboxyl
What functional group is in the fifth box?
Amino
What functional group is in the sixth box?
Phosphate
Note 
Flashcards (30)