Immunology Chapter 11

Immunological memory

A primary immune response gives rise to large numbers of short-lived effector

B and T cells and to smaller numbers of long-lived memory B and T cells

• Memory B cells are derived from the B cells that ____

made the best

antibody

– Have already undergone somatic mutation, affinity maturation and isotype

switching

benefts of memory B cells

-persist for life

-smaller pathogen population is enough to start a response

-take less time to differentiate into plasma cells

-express higher lvl of MHCII so cognate interaction with T helper cells is stronger

Memor T cells are more similar to ___ T cells than ___ T cells

effector, naive

How many of the circulating T cells are memory cells?

Half

What is the difference in CD45 isoform of Naive and memory/effector T cells

Splicing of the CD45 gene transcript in memory/effector T cells excludes the A,B, and C exons

Central memory T cells express ____ and _____, which

allows them to enter secondary lymph nodes and interact with dendritic cells – low threshold for activation

Effector memory T cells lack ____ and migrate to tissues where they rapidly respond to foreign antigens – can be CD8+ to kill virally infected cells or CD4+ and skewed toward TH 1 (mostly), TH 2 or TH 17 responses.

CCR7, L-selectin

CCR7

Tissue resident memory T cells

Reside specifically in tissues where initial infections occurred; seeded during the early or effector phase of the response and thereafter remain lodged in the periphery without further input from the blood, forming a distinct tissue-resident memory (T RM ) cell subse

What type of B cells participate in the secondary immune response?

Memory B cells

Original antigenic sin

First virus strain limits future responses to other strains

How does Anti-Rh factor IgG prevent hymolytic anemia of newborns?

The Ig competitively bind to the epitopes of the fetal RBC instead of the mother’s B cells binding to them.