MUS 206 South India Exam

1/3 size of the USA

How large is India?

1.2 billion people

How many people are in India?

2nd

India is the ___ largest country

Muslim

What religion influenced North India?

15

How many major languages are in India?

Hinduism (80%) then Islam with (10%)

What is the primary religion of India?

caste system

social group to which someone is born into

Ramayana and Mahabarata

What are the two most famous epic poems of ancient India?

Islamic

What influence began in the 12th century?

British colony

The ____ introduced Western culture (English language, literature, universities, technology, and law) from 1700-1947

sitar

The _____ is a guitar-like instrument in India

tabla

The ___ is a drum in India

Hindustani

Northern Indian music is referred to as ____

Carnatic

Southern Indian music is referred to as ____

folk music

What is music composed of calls or chanted sacred songs by traveling vendors and street musicians?

popular music

What music mainly originates in movies and is a blend of East and West music.

Bhangra

What is a modern type of film music?

Bhajan

What is an Indian devotional song?

religious

What music is performed by a soloist with instrumental accompaniment (such as violins, flutes, drums, harmonium, bell-cymbals, and hand claps) as well as with congressional call and response style?

Begum Parveen Sultana & Vinad Agarival

What are examples of Indian religions music?

classical

What music in India is composed of the freedom of performance through creativity developing a given mode (raga)?

12th and 15th

Classical music in India was developed between the ____ and _____ centuries

instruments

layers of sound are the same in North and South India, but the ____ differ

melody, drone, and percussion

Sound is made up of what 3 layers?

melodic

The ____ layer is the principal solo vocal/instrumental (violin, bamboo flute, plucked even, clarinet) or voice which dominates the ensemble

veena

The _____ is a 7-stringed instrument (4 strings for the melody and 3 strings for the drone) which slides and bends notes to create microtones

sruti

The ____ layer is the drone layer

tambura or sruti box (small reed organ)

What instruments are used in the sruti layer?

string instrument

What is a tambura (tempura)?

mrindangam, ghatnam, and kanjira

What instruments make up the percussion layer?

drum with a pitch

What is the mrindangam?

clay pot

What is the ghatam?

tambourine

What is the kanjira?

musical gestures and phases that give music a distinct and recognizable identity

What is raga?

musical scale

What is Melakarta?

sa, ri, ga, ma, pa, da, ni

What is the Melakarta scale?

sa & pa

Which Indian notes in the Melakarta scale are fixed drone notes?

72

How many generative scales are in the Melakarta?

tala

A ____ is a regularly recurring metric scale

adi, rupaka, khanda chapu, misra chapu

What are the four common talas in Carnatic music?

8 beats

How many beats are in adi tala?

3 beats

How many beats are in rupaka tala?

5 beats

How many beats are in khanda chapu tala?

7 beats

How many beats are in misra chapu tala?

replicate the sound of drum with a syllable

What is Solukatu?

kriti

What are religious songs that provide the foundation for South Indian classical music?

alapana

What is an improv on pitch?

tanam

What is an improv on rhythm?

drum solo

What is a tani avartanam?

raga

What begins Northern Indian classical music?