Florida Cosmetology Written Practical Exam

The U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act prescribes that a predisposition test be given

24 to 48 hours prior to application

refers to the strength of the color.

Intensity

Metallic haircolors are also known as

gradual colors

What type of melanin gives blond and red colors to the hair?

Pheomelanin

What is a non-ammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair?

Glaze

Each color is identified by a number and a letter, with the number indicating the level and the letter indicating the

tone

All haircoloring products require a patch test, with the exception of

temporary colors

Coloring products that have a coating action on the hair and are removed by shampooing are

temporary colors

When is the most critical part of a color service?

haircolor consultation

Clients with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a

release statement

The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is

coarse-textured hair

Hair texture is determined by the diameter of individual hair

strands

Examples of single-process permanent coloring applications are virgin color applications and

color retouch applications

A color achieved by mixing equal parts of a secondary color and its neighboring primary color on the color wheel is a

tertiary color

is a professional, industry-coined term referring to artificial haircoloring products and services.

Haircolor

When the cuticle is tight and the hair is resistant, it is difficult for moisture or chemicals to penetrate. What term describes this condition?

Low porosity

The natural coloring pigment found in the cortex layer of the hair is

melanin

The hue or balance of color seen in the hair is referred to as

tone

The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is

lowlighting

is described as a property of objects that depends on the light they reflect and is perceived (by the human eye) as red, yellow, blue, or other shades.

Color

Non-oxidative haircolor is classified as temporary and _____ (traditional).

semipermanent

What term describes the predominant tone of a color?

Base

During the process of decolorizing, natural hair can go through as many as

10 stages

Colors with a predominance of blue are _____ colors, whereas colors with a predominance of red and/or yellow are _____ colors.

cool; warm

The _____ of the client's hair and the desired results determine which haircolor to use.

structure

Hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond, converting it into a(n)

lanthionine bond

What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?

Glyceryl monothioglycolate

Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid additional

stress and tension on hair

waves are perms using an ingredient that does not evaporate as readily as ammonia, so that there is very little odor associated with their use.

Ammonia-free

Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between

7.8 and 8.2

What waving solutions use an ingredient other than ATG, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine, as the primary reducing agent?

Thio-free

All acid waves have three components: permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and

activator

Hydrogen bonds are weak physical side bonds that result from an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges and are easily broken by water or heat, but reform as the hair is

dried

Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called

lye relaxers

The _____ uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope.

bookend wrap

What is the active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers?

Hydrogen ion

In the croquignole method of wrapping, the hair is wound from the _____ in overlapping concentric layers.

ends to the scalp

Hair that has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer is unfit for _____ and will not hold a curl.

permanent waving

Which compounds are made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur?

Amino acids

is a two-step process in which the hair first undergoes a physical change caused by wrapping the hair on perm rods, and then a chemical change caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer.

Permanent waving

Which wrap utilizes partings and bases throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head?

Curvature permanent wrap

What are long, coiled polypeptide chains linked together end-to-end like beads?

Keratin proteins

give you the ability to permanently change the hair's natural wave and curl pattern, thereby offering clients a variety of styling options that would not otherwise be possible.

Chemical texture services

waves are permanent solutions based on sulfites, considered very weak, and are usually marketed as body waves or alternative waves.

Low-pH

Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair to an alkaline state in order to

soften and swell the shaft

refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped.

Base placement

All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into

panels

What is a treatment that passes water through a porous substance, such as charcoal or a filter, for purification purposes?

Filtration

When securing a cape as draping for a basic shampoo, do not let the cape touch the

client's skin

Do not massage or manipulate a client's scalp if you detect the presence of

abrasions

What is the best way to maintain control of the subsection when cutting with a vertical or diagonal cutting line?

Palm-to-palm

Achieving balance within a design can be accomplished by understanding the _____ and reference points.

head shape

occurs when the hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss or drying.

Shrinkage

The comb used for close tapers on the nape and sides, and when using a scissor-over-comb technique, is a

barber comb

By making a parting or drawing a line from the apex to the back of the ear, you can locate the _____ of the head, which consists of all the hair that falls naturally behind the ear.

back

should not be used on curly hair because it weakens the cuticle and causes the hair to frizz.

A razor

The process of removing excess bulk without shortening hair length is called

texturizing

Which type of brush is good for releasing tangles, knots, and snarls in short, textured hair and long, straight hair?

Square paddle

A _____ set is a two-part set that can be done on natural hair, transitional hair, twists, extensions, weaves, wigs, and locks.

twist

Large diameter pin curls that are similar to a roller, but do not have the same amount of tension, are called

barrel curls

What pin curl base is recommended for use along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style?

Triangular base

What are the large, flat brushes with staggered pin patterns that are used for mid- to longer-hair length?

Paddle brushes

What blowdryer attachment is used to accentuate or keep textural definition by allowing the air to flow more softly?

Diffuser

The terms single braids, box braids, or individual braids all refer to

free-hanging braids

What are the pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls?

Open-center curls

What is the first step of double-process haircoloring?

Pre-lightening

Powdered off-the-scalp lighteners contain persulfate salts for _____ and stronger lightening.

quicker

The standard volume of hydrogen peroxide used to achieve most results with permanent haircolor is

20 volume

The primary color that brings depth or darkness to any color is

blue

Decolorizing the hair's natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of

contributing pigment

When all three primary colors are present in equal proportions, the resulting color is

black

Neutral base colors are often used to

cover gray hair

The ability of the hair to absorb moisture is known as

porosity

The process of treating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration of color is known as

pre-softening

tones absorb more light, therefore they look deeper than their actual level.

Cool

Haircoloring products that change color gradually by progressive buildup and exposure to air contain

metallic salts

What is the process by which oxygen is released within the cortex of the hair shaft?

Oxidation

When applying color for a single-process retouch application, the color should be applied to the new growth using

1/4 inch partings

The system used for understanding color relationships is the

law of color

The concentration and strength of hydrogen peroxide is measured in terms of

volume

Contributing pigment, also known as _____ is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process.

undertone

Powdered persulfate salts added to haircolor to increase its lightening ability are

activators

To test for porosity, take several strands from four different areas of the head: the front hairline, the temple, the crown, and the

паре

Oxidative haircolor is classified as demipermanent (deposit only) and _____ (lift and deposit).

permanent

The part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been previously colored is known as

new growth

What is the most common neutralizer?

Hydrogen peroxide

often found in home haircoloring products, leave a coating on the hair that may cause uneven curls, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

Metallic salts

Base sections are offset from each other row by row to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair, in which wrapping pattern?

Bricklay permanent wrap

Which conditioner contains an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH and should be used after a hydroxide relaxer?

Normalizing lotion

Modern acid waves are actually ______ waves, which are permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH.

acid-balanced

During a relaxer strand test, hair that is pressed to the scalp and continues to curl is

insufficiently relaxed

minimizes stress and tension on the hair.

Half off-base placement

In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with a strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is

highly alkaline

Which bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds resulting from an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges, and are easily broken by changes in pH?

Salt bonds

In a ______, the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod which causes the hair to spiral along the length of the rod.

spiral perm wrap

What determines the size of the curl in a permanent waving process?

The size of the rod

Relaxers that contain two components and must be mixed immediately prior to use are

guanidine hydroxide relaxers

The term pH is an abbreviation used for potential _______, and the symbol pH represents the quantity of _______ ions in solution

hydrogen; hydrogen

The cortex of the hair is made up of millions of polypeptide chains cross-linked by three types of side bonds that are responsible for the elasticity and strength of the hair. These bonds are

disulfide, salt, and hydrogen

All acid waves have three components: permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and

activator