World History Mongol Empires & Turkish Conquests

The         of the Mongols was       

unifier,Temujin

He eventually brought all the into a

Mongol tribes,single confederation 

He established a capital at

Karakorum

The most important institution of the Mongol state was the

army 

the had captured the - modern Beijing 

Mongols,Jurchen capital

(Thus the        ended         in        ) 

Mongols,Jurchan rule,northern China

the city was renamed         (“city of the khan”) and served as the         in          

Khanbiliq,Mongol capital,northern China 

the irrigation system that sustained through much of this arid land was which resulted in severe reduction of

qanat,agriculture,destroyed,agricultural production 

Chinggis Khan did NOT, however, establish a for the that he (his empire was very decentralized) 

central government,lands,conquered

the wealthiest of Mongol lands 

China

dominated Russia 

Golden Horde

consolidated Mongol rule in China 

Khubilai Khan

he attacked the in

relentlessly,Song dynasty,southern China 

Khubilai Khan created the

Yuan dynasty

he was           in his (two attempted)           against         because of        

unsuccessful,naval invasions,Japan,typhoons 

flourished across due to the

trade,Eurasia, Pax Mongolica 

In , looked with on their

China,Mongol rulers,derision,subjects

The resisted to  

Mongols,assimilation,Chinese culture 

they dismantled the               

dismantled,Confucian educational and examination systems 

the overran

Golden Horde,Russia

The did occupy

Golden Horde,not,Russian territory

Khubilai Khan’s brother, Hulegu, overthrew the

Abbasid empire

(like the         , the         ended the            ) 

Song dyansty, Mongols,Abbasid Dynasty

The worked to secure and ensure the safety of (in the lands they conquered-

Mongols,trade routes,merchants,Pax Mongolica

thus increased their and the volume of during the time of the was substantially than before  

merchants,commercial investments, long-distance,Mongol empires,trade,larger

A downside of building better and protecting them was the expediting of   

roads,disease 

during the 1330s,           erupted in           

bubonic plague,southwestern China

there it spread throughout and , and by the late 1340s it had reached where it became known as the

China,central Asia,southwest Asia and Europe,Black Death 

thus the greatly weakened the

bubonic plague,Mongols 

During the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, the Turkish conqueror built a

Tamerlane,central Asian empire  

began to build a magnificent capital at            

Samarkand

(Unlike his model, never any part of ) 

Chinggis Khan, Tamerlane ,invaded or controlled,China

Like his model , was a , not a

Chinggis Khan,Tamerlane,conqueror,governor 

(Like and the , empire was very ) 

Chinggis Khan,four subsequent Mongol khanates,Tamerlane’s,decentralized