NUR2020 Physiological Integrity-II

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the physiological aspects of liver integrity and management of liver diseases, as discussed in the NUR2020 lecture.

Liver

The largest gland of the body, located in the upper right abdomen, responsible for various functions including detoxification, metabolism, and production of bile.

Cirrhosis

A chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of healthy liver tissue with scar tissue, leading to liver dysfunction.

Portal Hypertension

Increased blood pressure within the portal venous system due to obstruction of blood flow through the liver.

Ascites

The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, typically associated with portal hypertension in liver diseases.

Esophageal Varices

Enlarged veins in the esophagus that can rupture and cause significant bleeding, often a complication of cirrhosis.

Hepatic Encephalopathy

A decline in brain function that occurs as a result of severe liver disease; symptoms may include confusion, altered level of consciousness, or coma.

Lactulose

A medication used to reduce ammonia levels in the blood by promoting its excretion through the bowel.

Asterixis

A tremor of the hand characterized by a flapping motion, often associated with hepatic encephalopathy.

Bilirubin

A yellow compound formed in the liver, which can lead to jaundice when accumulated due to liver dysfunction.

Compensated Cirrhosis

A stage of cirrhosis where the liver is scarred but still able to function without significant symptoms.

Decompensated Cirrhosis

A stage of cirrhosis where liver function is severely impaired, leading to visible symptoms of liver failure.

Liver Biopsy

A procedure to remove a small sample of liver tissue for examination, often used to diagnose liver diseases.

Diagnostic Tests

Laboratory evaluations and imaging studies used to assess liver function, including tests for serum aminotransferases and liver function studies.

Nutritional Management

Adjusting dietary intake to meet the needs of patients with liver disease, including protein restriction and vitamin supplementation.

Hepatorenal Syndrome

A serious condition characterized by progressive renal failure due to liver failure.

Treatment for Bleeding Varices

Interventions include medications to lower portal pressure and endoscopic procedures to manage bleeding.

Immunosuppressants

Medications used to prevent rejection in liver transplant patients, such as cyclosporine and prednisone.

Patient-Centered Care

Approach that emphasizes the needs and preferences of patients in the collaborative healthcare process.

QSEN Competencies

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses competencies focusing on patient-centered care, teamwork, evidence-based practice, and safety.

Fat-soluble Vitamins

Vitamins A, D, E, and K that may be deficient in patients with liver disease due to impaired absorption.

Cholestasis

A condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum, often leading to jaundice.

Psychosocial Integrity

Recognizing and addressing the mental health and emotional challenges faced by patients with chronic liver disease.

Longitudinal Assessment

Ongoing monitoring and evaluation of a patient's condition over time to inform treatment decisions.