Huff Chapter 1

Criminal

________ is viewed as the victim.

Criminal penalties

________ should prescribe punishment to offset potential gains of criminal behavior.

Prevention of crime

________ is more important than punishment for crime.

idealized version of justice

too impersonal and rigid

partial elimination

long-term imprisonment

The New Emphasis

"The System"

supernatural explanation for crime

criminals were under the control of evil spirits and should be exorcized

Rationalism and Free will

Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham

Determinism

Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri, Raffaele Garofalo

Cesare Beccaria

the motivation behind every human action is the search for happiness

Jeremy Bentham

man pursues pleasure and avoids pain

Cesare Lombroso

criminals aren't fully evolves and have body characteristics that distinguish them from the rest of the population

Enrico Ferri

criminals are insane and drawn to criminality as a result of passion

Raffaele Garofalo

criminals must be eliminated because they haven't adapted to civilized life

Garofalo's definition of criminals

psychological degenerates who are morally unfit

Radical Criminology

has an emphasis on social and political systems as factors to help generate the crime problem, the criminal is viewed as the victim of class struggle, racial discrimination and/or other manifestations of inequality