Chemical Reactions and Aqueous Solutions

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts from the lecture on chemical reactions and aqueous solutions.

Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction where reactants are transformed into products.

Reactants

Substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction.

Products

Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Balanced Equation

An equation with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides.

Coefficients

Numbers placed before compounds in a chemical equation to indicate the number of molecules involved.

Physical States

Designations in a chemical equation (solid - s, liquid - l, gas - g, aqueous - aq) indicating the state of each reactant or product.

Precipitation Reaction

A type of reaction where soluble ionic compounds react in solution to form an insoluble compound.

Acid-Base Reaction

A type of reaction that involves an acid reacting with a base to produce water and a salt.

Redox Reactions

Reactions that involve the transfer of electrons, encompassing oxidation and reduction.

Oxidation State

A number assigned to an element in a compound that reflects the number of electrons lost or gained.

Electrolyte

A substance that, when dissolved in water, conducts electricity due to the presence of ions.

Strong Acid

An acid that completely dissociates in solution to produce H+ ions.

Weak Acid

An acid that partially dissociates in solution, resulting in a lower concentration of H+ ions.

Combustion Reaction

A reaction that occurs when a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light.

Dissociation

The process by which an ionic compound separates into ions when dissolved in water.

Net Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the particles that participate in the reaction, excluding spectator ions.

Spectator Ion

Ions that do not participate in a reaction and remain unchanged.