maternity chapter 13- preterm and postterm newborns

asphyxia

what is caused by chronic hypoxia while in the uterus because of a deteriorated placenta

meconium aspiration

hypoxia and distress may cause relaxation of the anal sphincter, and meconium can be aspirated into the fetal lungs this is called

post maturity

seizures, meconium aspiration, poor nutrition status, seizures, birth defects, difficulty delivering baby and aspyxia are problems that can occur as a result of

post term

the newborn looks long and thin and looks as though weight has been lost. The skin is loose, especially in the thighs and buttocks. There is little lanugo (downy hair) or vernix caseosa. The loss of the cheeselike vernix caseosa leaves the skin dry; it cracks, peels, and is almost like parchment in texture. The nails are long and may be stained with meconium this is an indication that the child is

gestational age

what refers to the actual time, from conception to birth, that the fetus remains in the uterus.

preterms

infants less than less than 37 weeks are considered

early term

an infant born between born between 37 weeks and 38 weeks, 6 days is considered

full term infants

an infant born between 39 and 40 weeks, 6 days are called

post term infant

an infant born beyond 42 weeks is called

Ballard scoring system

A standardized method used to estimate gestational age within 1 to 2 weeks is the

the Ballard scoring method

what is estimated gestational age based on the mother’s last normal menstrual period, and ultrasound evaluations all are methods used to evaluate the gestational age of the newborn infant.

previability

The alveoli, or air sacs, enlarge, which brings them closer to the capillaries in the lungs. The failure of this phenomenon to occur leads to many deaths attributed to

administer nasal catheter, incubator, or oxygen hood, mechanical ventilators (oxygen must be warmed and humidified) and monitor o2 sat

if the infant is predicability the nurse must do what

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

what is another name for hyaline membrane disease` respiratory syndrome type 2

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

the toxic response of the lung to oxygen therapy is called

apnea

the cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or longer is called

tickling bottom of feet or the baack

what stimulates breathing when the infant is first born

suction rhe nose and mouth and raise the infant’s head to a semi-Fowler’s position usually facilitates breathing. if that does not work use a ambu bag

if tickling the infants feet does not work what should the nurse do

Retinopathy of prematurity

a disorder of the developing retina in premature infants that can lead to blindness is called

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

an acute inflammation of the bowel that leads to bowel necrosis is called

metabolic defects

lethargy, poor feeding, hypotonia, a unique odor to the body or urine, tachypnea, and vomiting are symptoms of

Maple syrup urine disease

a defect in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. It causes marked serum elevations of leucine, isoleucine, and valine is called

three phenotypes (genetic makeups) of Down syndrome

trisomy 21, mosaicism, and translocation of a chromosome are the