Art History Final

a curved structure used to span an opening is

an arch

Etruscan residences probably had

a central courtyard with rooms around it

the Etruscans covered exposed wooden beams with \______________ made of \___________

revetment plaques, terra cotta

what was the main building material for Etruscan temples?

mudbrick

the Etruscans lived in \_________

city states

Etruscan mound shaped tombs are called \________

tumuli

The Etruscans were skilled metalworkers. they were masters at the techniques of \_________ and \__________

filigree and granulation

the painting technique used in the Tomb of Hunting and Fishing is \___________

fresco

True or False? There is a noticeable change in the imagery and coloration of Etruscan tomb painting from warm and happy to somber

true

the Etruscan Sarcophagus from Cerveteri is made of \________

terra cotta

at it's largest, the Roman Empire surrounded which body of water?

the Mediterranean

Laocoon lived in the city of \______________ which predicted the danger of the gift of the wooden horse

Troy

In the temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, the arrangement of the columns, the high platform and steps are all characteristics of \______________ architecture

Etruscan

Two barrel vault intersecting at a 90° angle makes a \______________

groin vault

Archaeologists can usually date Roman concrete building is very easily because \______________

The Romans used different facings on the concrete during different time periods

The reconstructed pimento sculptures from Via di San Gregorio we're on a temple for the god \______________

Mars

In Rome, commemorative sculpture was often commissioned by \______________

generals

In the sculptural reliefs from the base of Marcus Antonius, the Sea Thiasos, with its swirling composition, probably came from \______________

Greece

A Portrait of someone on horseback is called \______________

an Equestrian monument

A hyper-realistic style of portraiture that emphasizes individual characteristics is called \______________

Veristic

Early Roman portraits were normally made of \______________

older men

to make accurate copies of Greek sculptures, Roman sculptures would use a technique called \______________

Triangulation

Augustus chose a \______________ style for all his portraits. These ageless portraits were made throughout his career and may have made him seem a little godlike because he never aged.

greek

Vespasian's portraits were in the veristic style and may have been an attempt to \______________

Restore the social order

In the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelis, the horse seems to be \______________

tense and agitated

the Ara Packs was made to commemorate \______________

The piece following many years of Civil War

The imperial procession on the Ara pacis resembles the procession of figures on the \______________

Greek Parthenon

How did Roman artists of the Empire Period create the illusion of a crowd in relief sculptures?

They used a combination of figures in high relief and figures in low relief

The column of Trajan commemorates the victory of Trajan over \______________

Dacia

What place was central to the social and political life of the Roman citizen?

the Forum

A type of public building that Romans used for various purposes are called \______________

Basilicas

What is the architectural form that makes up the structure of the Colosseum?

vaults

The term pantheon refers to \______________

All of the gods considered collectively

Which emperor was in office when the pantheon was finished?

Hadrian

What three dimensional form is described by the interior space of the pantheon?

a sphere

The coffers in the dome of the pantheon \______________

Lighten the weight of the dome and structure our visual experience

Works like the Esquiline Tomb painting and the census scene from the statue base from Marcus Antonius were meant to \______________

Declared the accomplishments of a general

Mosaics are made with \______________

Tesserae

The illusion of depth made by reducing the local color and clarity of objects in the distance, to imply space between the viewer and horizon is called \______________

Atmospheric perspective

The funerary relief of Tibnan is a portrait of a Roman citizen who lived in \______________

Syria

Roman Portraits like Portrait of a Woman from Lower Egypt were made using a type of paint made of wax which was applied while the wax was molten. This technique is called \______________

encaustic

Portraits done on wooden panels in Egypt around 150 CE where are usually made to be mounted on

Sarcophagi

On the Apotheosis side of the Column Base of Antonius Pius, who are the seated figures watching the Apotheosis of Pius and Faustina?

Personification of Rome and the field of Mars

In the Column Base of Antonius Pius and Faustina, which side is more classical the Apotheosis or the Decursio?

the Apotheosis

Pompei was preserved because \______________

The town was covered in ash from Mt Vesuvius in 79 CE

in Roman homes with atriums, there was usually a \______________ in the atrium for collecting \______________

pool, rainwater

Roman apartment buildings called insulae were constructed of \______________

Concrete and brick

During the tetrarchy there were \______________ emperors in the Roman empire

4

Roman public baths features rooms with different \______________

Temperatures

True or False? Maxentius and Constantine cooperated in the construction of the Basilica of Maxentius

false

a row of windows in the upper part of a wall is called an \________________

clerestory

The figures in the Portrait Group of the Tetrarchs represent \________________

emperors

The portrait of Constantine the great was originally placed in \________________

The Basilica of Maxentius/Constantine

During the Late Empire Period, relief sculpture was often \________________

crowded with figures

in the Arch of Constantine \________________

Most of the relief sculpture was taken from different monuments

The First Style of Roman wall painting is concerned with \________________

The illusion of more expensive materials

In Scenes of the Dionysiac Mystery Cult, the artist created interaction among figures by \________________

Having them look at each other across the open space of the corners

The practice of using more detail in the foreground and a softer focus in the background is called \________________

Atmospheric perspective

Fourth style wall painting combines \________________

styles 1, 2 and 3

The term byzantine comes from \________________

Byzantium

San Vitale, a Byzantine church, is located in the city of \________________

Ravenna, Italy

What type of floor plan is San Vitale?

Central

In San Vitale, the mosaics of the emperor Justinian and empress Theodora are located \________________

In the apse were the altar is located

The work Justinian as Conqueror celebrate the victories of Justinian. Which of the following is NOT an indicator of this?

The shoes of the soldiers look Roman

In the. \________________, icons are images, usually painted, that are believed to direct prayers to heaven

Orthodox Church

The \________________ style seems to have originated in ancient Iran and is characterized by stylized or abstract images of animals

animal

In metal working, \________________ is made of dark metal alloys that are applied to engraved lines on precious metal surfaces to create a design

niello

\________________ is an anomaly method in which the hollows created by wires joined to a metal plate are filled with enamel to create a design

Cloisonne

The Roman (Latin) name for Ireland was \________________

Hibernia

The decoration of hand written documents, scrolls, or books with drawings or paintings is referred to as \________________. These were often produced during the middle ages and during that time they replaced painting

Manuscript illumination

What shape is used to create the modules or parts of St Michael's in Hildesheim, Germany?

square

The scenes in the lunettes of the paintings ceiling in the catacomb of Santissimi Pietro e Marcellino tell the story of the Hebrew prophet \________________

Jonah

Which emperor was the first to build churches in Rome?

Constantine

Which feature of a basilica intersects the nave at a 90° angle?

transcept

Old St Peter's Basilica was built over the grave of \________________

Peter

Another name for a walkway is \________________

ambulatory

What kind of wall decoration replaced painting during the early Christian era?

mosaic

In the mosaic of the Good Shepherd in gala Placentia, we can characterized modeling of the face of the good shepherd as \________________

classical

On the sarcophagus of Junius Bassas, the Roman god Coelus seems to support the floor of \________________

heaven

Constantine moved the capital of the Roman empire to \________________ and renamed it \________________

Byzantium, Constantinople

A break in the church in the 11th century is called \________________. It resulted in two branches of Christianity: Roman catholic and orthodox

The great schism

The synagogue at Dura-Europos has a niche shrine that would've held the \________________

Tora

in the Consecration of the Tabernacle and it's Priests, the space of the menorah, incense burners and the figure of Aaron is \________________

abstract

What was a unifying factor in Europe during the 11th and 12th centuries?

Religion and allegiance to the pope

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributed to the development of Romanesque cathedrals in Europe?

Desire to leave something beautiful in the world

What is one possible source of fulfillment for pilgrims?

The long journey itself

The cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is located in \________________

Spain

Which feature is important for cathedral designed for pilgrimage? It has to do with walking

Ambulatory

What type of arches are most often found in Romanesque cathedrals?

rounded

The crossing is where \________________

The transept intersects the nave

The architect derived the sizes of all the parts of the building from the \________________

Crossing square

A compound pier is \________________

a Pier with attached pilasters and/or column shafts

an enameling method in which hollows are etched into a metal surface and filled with enamel is called \________________

champleve

who was the artist for the sculpture found at the cathedral of Saint-Lazare of Autun?

Gislebertus

most of the sculpture in Romanesque cathedrals is located in the \________________, the half circle form over the portal

tympanum

who rebuilt the cathedral of Saint Dennis?

Abbot Suger

of the following, which was NOT a quality of the Gothic choir at Saint Denis?

rounded arches

Abbot Sugar said that the light coming in through the stained glass at St. Denis was \________________

a revelation of the Spirit of God

Cathedral entryways are called \________________

portals

after the 1194 fire, the only parts to survive of Notre Dame Cathedral at Chartres were \________________

the west facade and the crypt