characteristics of life
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28 Terms
Adaptation
An inherited trait that promotes survival and reproduction for a species.
Autotroph
An organism that can make its own food, such as plants and algae.
Biogenesis
The idea that all living things arise only from other living things of the same type.
Cell
The basic structure and functional unit of a living organism.
Cell Theory
The theory that all cells come from other cells.
Energy
The ability to do work or the process of cellular respiration and ATP.
Heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
Metabolism
A sum of chemical and physical processes of getting energy from food.
Multicellular
Organisms made up of more than one cell.
Organic Compounds
Compounds made of carbon and found in living things.
Response
The reaction of an organism to a stimulus.
Spontaneous Generation
The idea that living things can arise directly from nonliving things.
Stimulus
Change in the environment that can cause a reaction.
Unicellular
Organisms made up of only 1 cell.
Bacteria
Prokaryotic organisms that are unicellular.
Cell Walls
Outermost structure found in plants, bacteria, and fungi.
Cell Membrane
Regulates what goes into and out of the cell, found in all cells.
Mitochondria
The site of cellular respiration.
Ribosomes
The site of protein synthesis, found in all cells.
Centriole
Organelle found only in animal cells.
Nucleus
Center of an atom or a cell, containing genetic material.
Chloroplasts
Found only in plant and plant-like protist cells, responsible for photosynthesis.
Starch
A complex form of sugar used by plants to store energy.
Light Reaction
The phase of photosynthesis where water is split and oxygen is produced in chloroplasts.
Dark Reaction
The phase of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is used to make glucose.
Stomates
Openings in leaves through which oxygen is released.
Mature Red Blood Cells
Cells that have no nuclei and transport oxygen as sacs of hemoglobin.
White Blood Cells
Cells that have a nucleus and help kill infected cells and invading pathogens.
