Anatomy biomechanics Study Guide 4

Knee joint

Uniaxial hinge joint

Cervical vertebrae

Uniaxial pivot joint

Shoulder joint

Triaxial ball and socket joint

Wrist/finger joint

Biaxial condyloid joint

Cervical vertebrae

Foramen in transverse process

Thoracic vertebrae

Costal demi-facets

Lumbar vertebrae

Horizontal spinous process

Scoliosis

Lateral deviation combined with rotation

Lordosis

Weakened abdominals

Kyphosis

Wedge shaped vertebrae- abdominal epiphyseal plate behavior

Herniated disk

Protrusion of part of the nucleus pulposus from annulus. Inner gel like core of inter vetebral disc pushes through a tear in its outer layer compressing nearby nerves.

White matter

Axons

Gray matter

Cell bodies/dendrites

Parkinson’s

Death of dopaminergic neurons in basal ganglia

Multiple Sclerosis

Destruction of myelin sheath

Diarthroidal joint

Freely movable

Synarthroidal joint

Immovable

Series elastic components

Tendons

Parallel elastic component

Muscle fibers

Close-packed position

Greatest joint contact area

Open-packed position

Least joint contact area

Flat bone

Frontal bone

Long bone

Femur

Irregular bone

Coccyx