Russia Unit 4 AOS 1 SAC quizlet

how many peasants

82%

affect of the Russo Japanese War

- loss of country moral (they were in disbelief of the humiliating defeats of the Russian army)
- loss of support for the Tsar (for sending a weak army, and for the defeat)
- highlighted the technological limitations of Russia, and the need for industrialisation
- affected the economy greatly

affect of economy after Russo-Japanese war - wage statistic

industrial workers wages dropped 25% in the twelve months following the war

peasant grievances pre 1905 revolution

- mortgage debts
- population increase and pressure on farming land
- famine of 1890
- backwards farming techniques

industrial grievances pre 1905 revolution

- industrial growth led to thousands of peasants flocking to major cities, leading to unemployment
- appalling living and working conditions

how many industrial workers were in the cities in the 1900s statistic

2 million factory workers in St Petersburg and Moscow in the 1900s

the urban population increase in industrialisation statistic

from 7 to 28 million (Figes)

industrial workers grievances - water

- fewer than 1 in 3 apartments had a toilet or running water (Figes)
- cholera and typhus in the waterways caused 30,000 deaths in 1908-1909 (Figes)

the stat about sickness in peasant villages

400,000 dead of typhus and cholera in 1892

stat by 1900 peasant farming

by 1900, half the peasant population were subsistence farmers, only 12% could make surplus harvest

between autumn 1905 and winter 1906 stat about peasant protest

400 peasant mutinies took place (Figes)

Jacquerie of 1905-1906 peasant revolt

almost 3000 manors were destroyed, 15% of the countries total amount (Figes)

quote about industrial workers living situations

"bed bugs and fleas, and a stench of 'humanity'" (Figes)

hours of work for industrial workers

from 10-16 hour shifts

what did the October Manifesto depict

- civil rights guaranteed
- Duma to be elected as representative government
- establish a law that no law shall take effect without the confirmation of the state Duma

stat about 1914 strikes across Russia

2400 strikes in the year across Russia

Brusilov Offensive June 1916

government did not care about the Russian soldiers, did not provide back up, 550,000 death and injury of Russian soldiers

wage increase stat

wages increased by half, food and supplies increased cost by fourfold

why was the economic cost of the war so substantial?

- government put more money into the war, to supply military weaponry
- this left shocking living conditions all throughout Russia with food and fuel shortages
- inflation as the gov printed more money to keep country afloat
in short, Russia also could not afford this war, they took out loans to keep going

agricultural output of grain

- low
- farming was small scale and communal
- peasant farmers employed outdated techniques
- land allotments given by the mir were too small to support an average peasant family of around 16
peasant living declined over the last decades of the nineteenth century