Mood Personality & Psychotic Disorders

Week 3

Neurosis

Intense symptoms of stress, anxiety or obsession, but individuals maintain grip of reality

Psychosis

Thoughts and perceptions are disturbed and loss of touch with reality.

Mania

Extreme elevated mood, energy, emotions or activity levels from baseline

Delusion

Fixed, false beliefs despite clear evidence that it’s not true. Can’t be corrected with logic. Not shared by others of same culture/education level

Illusion

Misinterpretations of actual external sensory stimuli

Hallucination

Experience senses that are objectively not there. Often vivid and consistent with normal perceptions

Paranoia

Irrational and persistent feeling that people are out to get you or that you are the subject of unwanted attention by others

Obsession

Repeated thoughts, urges or mental images usually resulting from fear or anxiety

Phobia

Excessive fear of a certain object, creature, situation or activity which are often irrational

Major Depressive Disorder

2 weeks of history of pervasive low mood which impact daily life

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Excessive worry and anxiety for 6 months or more

Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depression)

Extreme mood swings and intense emotional states often at either end of the spectrum

Bipolar I

Extreme manic episodes, with few or no significant depressive episodes

Bipolar II

Less severe ‘highs’ (hypomanic episodes), alongside major depressive episodes

Cluster A: Odd and Eccentric

1. Paranoid Personality Disorder

2. Schizoid Personality Disorder

3. Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Cluster B: Dramatic and Erratic

1. Antisocial Personality Disorder

2. Histrionic Personality Disorder

3. Narcissistic Personality Disorder

4. Borderline Personality Disorder

Cluster C: Fearful and Anxious

1. Avoidant Personality Disorder

2. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

3. Dependent Personality Disorder

Cluster A: Paranoid Personality Disorder

• Irrational suspicion and mistrust of others

• Interpretation of actions as malevolent

• Blaming others or organizations

Cluster A: Schizoid Personality Disorder

1. Voluntary isolation and reclusive behaviour

2. Detachment from social relationships

3. Minimal emotional expression

Cluster A: Schizotypal Personality Disorder

1. Odd, eccentric thoughts and behaviour

2. Peculiar appearance

3. Distorted perceptions

4. Difficulty interacting socially

Cluster B: Antisocial Personality Disorder

1. Disregard for needs/rights of others

2. Lack empathy and manipulative

3. Often have socio and psychopathic tendencies, with hx of criminal behaviour from young age

Cluster B: Histrionic Personality Disorder

1. Exaggerated emotional responses

2. Flirtatious, seductive, flamboyant, ‘larger than life’

3. Is uncomfortable if not centre of attention

Cluster B: Narcissistic Personality Disorder

1. Egocentric and lacks empathy

2. Need for admiration

3. Will exploit others for own gain

Cluster B: Borderline Personality Disorder

1. Abrupt mood swings with self-destructive behaviours (self-harm)

2. Rapid shifts in likes/dislikes, body image perception, goals etc.

3. Unstable relationships

Cluster C: Avoidant Personality Disorder

1. Desire companionship, but intense fear of rejection

2. Involuntary isolation and reclusiveness

Cluster C: Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

1. Rigid conformity to ‘rules’

2. Uncontrollable and recurring thoughts (obsessions)

3. Engages in repetitive behaviours or rituals (compulsions)

Cluster C: Dependent Personality Disorder

1. Inability to care for oneself (no physical disability)

2. Lack confidence, fear being alone, unable to make decisions

3. Excessive reliance on others

Psychotic Disorders: Schizophrenia

Illogical thoughts, bizarre behavior and speech, and delusions or hallucinations

Psychotic Disorders: Delusional Disorder

Characterized by one or more firmly held false belief(s) that persist for at least 1 month

Other Psychoses

1. PTSD

2. Post-Partum Psychosis

3. Drug-Induced Psychosis

4. Stress-Induced Psychosis

Conversion Disorders

Psychiatric Disorder producing physical symptoms:

1. Symptoms are NOT attention-seeking behaviour

2. Can’t be controlled

3. Inconsistent and result of stress or anxiety

Conversion Disorders: Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures

Used to be called ‘pseudo-seizures’, most common

Conversion Disorders: Paralysis or Weakness

1. Inconsistent and result of stress

2. Will retain deep tendon reflexes and Babinski reflex

Conversion Disorder: Abnormal Movements

Tic, tremor, myoclonus, gait abnormalities

Conversion Disorders: Sensory loss/altercations

Blindness/deafness, loss of taste/smell, somatic sensation