english upstream proficiency unit 3 1-70

stock market crash

a drastic fall in the price of stocks

unbiased

fair and able to judge sth in a balanced way

hard-hitting

talking abt or dealing with a difficult situation in a direct way

incisive

expressing ideas and thoughts clearly, briefly, forcefully

bow to sth

to agree to do sth, especialy when it is not what one wanted

uncompromising

determined not to change one’s opinion in any way

sensitise sb to sth

to make sb aware of sth

sponsorship

financial support/sponsoring patronat

quotation

sentance/phrase taken from a book, film repeated by sb else

virtue

a good quality/way of behaving

macho

proud of one’s masculinity

evasive

avoiding giving a straight answer

vested interest

strong reason for acting in a certain way

dormitory

large room in a boarding school where several children sleep

officious

eager to tell people what to do, bossy

prefect

older pupil w/special duties who helps control younger pupils

frog-march

to take sb somewhere by force, to hold sb by the arms and walk along

intone

to speak in a slow and serious way

cane

stick used to trike pupils in school

spool

to roll up quickly, go forward quickly

preoccupied

having one’s thoughts taken up with a problematic situation

grump

make sounds which suggest dissatisfaction/irritation

platitude

trivial statement

inception

a beginning

a household name/word

name/word that’s well-known

cajoling

persuading sb in a v. insistent wa to do sth

intimidating

frightening & making others lose confidence

persistent

continuing to do sth in spite of opposition of others

come across

to seem a certain way

be thorn in sb’s side/flesh

be a continuous issue that cannot be solved

the establishment

those who have power/influence in country/society

in our midst

among us

sneering

expressing contempt

encounter

a meeting

scrap

to do away with, get rid of sth

consumer-oriented

targeted at wishes of consumers

oversee

to be in control of sth, make sure sth is doen

relaunch

to re-introduce sth in a new format

inner city areas

areas near the city centre suffering from economic/social problems

overwhelmed

affected very strongly by sth

percieve

to see and understand sth

ill-inspired

badly thought-out

harbour

to have sth on one’s mind for a long time

lay down

officially state the way to do sth

highbrow

intelectual, academic

perplexed

confused

dismissive

treating sb/sth as if they had no value

discomfort

not feeling well/at ease

acute

sensitive&powerful, well-developed

far-reaching

extensive

editiorial

part of the newspaper in which the editor writes their comments

circulation

the number of newspapers/magazines sold in a given time

readership

number of ppl who read newspaper/magazine

obituary

a newspaper note/article about a dead person

supplement

separate section, especiallyy a colour magazine added to the newspaper

broadsheet

large-sized newspaper, usually serious content

feature

newspaper/article

tabloid

smaller-sized newspaper containing light articles and gossip

censorship

official examination of books, films etc before they are available to the public, removal of unnacceptable parts

glossy

printed on shiny, highquality paper

treaty talks

official negotiations between countries before an agreement is made

negotiable

that can be changed

reshuffle

rearranging, interchanging the positions, especially of cabinet members

cynism

cynizm

backbencher

member of Parliment who’s not a minister and doesn’t hold a position in the party

FTSE (100) index, Footsie

Financial Times Stock Exchange index that is published in the Financial Times and indicates the relative price of shares on the London Stock Exchange on the basis of Britain’s 100 largest public companies

weigh on

to worry ab

equities

assets (usually in stock market)

probe

investigate, look into

riddle