SCB Lecture 5 (pH & Inorganic Compounds)

pH and Inorganic Compounds

What is an Inorganic Compound?

Compounds that do NOT contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.

What are 4 examples of Inorganic Compounds?

Water, Acids, Bases and Salts

What are the properties of Water?

Water is an inorganic compound, water

1. Absorbs heat: can do activities without damaging the cells, a lot of heat needed to change from liquid to gas relative too the human body.

2. Carries heat: seating removes heat to cool body

3. Cushions and protects: High density allows less dense objects like the brain to float

4. Acts as a lubricant: Serous membranes surrounding lungs and abdominal organs reduce resistance as organ moves

Water can only dissolve what type of solutes?

Hydrophilic solutes. Ionic and polar covalent solutes.

Hydrophobic do not dissolve in water, non polar covalent bonds, uncharged

Are acids and bases organic or inorganic?

Inorganic

What are Acids?

Substances that when added to a solution DONATES H+. They INCREASE the H+ concentrate, and decrease the pH. Carbonate are H+ donators and acts like an acid.

ex. A water molecule may dissociate to form a hydrogen ion (H+) and a hydroxide ion (OH-)

What are Acids referred as? Why?

Proton donors. This is because H+ ions are left with only 1 subatomic particle (proton) after donating its 1 electron.

What are Bases?

Substances that when added to a solution concentration DECREASES H+ concentrate. Bases are H+ acceptors. Bicarbonate is a hydrogen acceptor and acts like a base.

What is a pH scale? What number does it go up to?

Scale that represents H+ ion concentration in solutions.

Goes from 1-14

Each pH unit equals to a 10-fold change

When pH is less than 7, the solution is

Acidic bc more H+ ions

ex. stomach acid

When pH is greater than 7, the solution is

Basic (Alkaline) bc less H+ ions

ex. Ammonia

When pH is equal to 7, the solution is

Neutral

ex. Blood and water

What are Buffers?

Chemical systems that resist changes in pH. Mechanism to keep pH stable.

Are Buffers organic or inorganic?

Inorganic

What is an important example of a buffer in the human body?

If pH rises in blood, Carbonic acid releases H+ into blood. Prevents Alkalosis (pH>7.45)

If pH in blood lowers, Biicarbonate binds H+ in blood and decreases H+ ions. Prevents acidosis (pH<7.35)

What are Salts?

Any metal cation(+) and non-metal anion(-) held by ionic bonds.

Are Salts organic or inorganic?

Inorganic

What are electrolytes?

When salt dissolves in water and forms cations and anions, also known as electrolytes. Electrolytes are good conductors of electricity.

What is an important salt in the body?

Calcium Phosphate

What is the relationship between dissociation in acids and bases?

weak acids do not dissociate ex. water

strong acids dissociate ex. stomach acid