History Final

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital

Communism

a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership

Anarchists

people who oppose all forms of government

Red Scare (1919-1920)

A brief wave of fear over the possible influence of Socialists/Bolsheviks in American life.

A. Mitchell Palmer

U.S. attorney general who rounded up thousands of alleged Bolsheviks in the red scare of 1919-1920

Palmer Raids

Congressional support to raid houses of radicals believed to have connections to communism

Return to Normalcy

Harding's campaign slogan, wanting to go back to how things were before the war

Authoritarianism

the enforcement or advocacy of strict obedience to authority at the expense of personal freedom.

Libertarianism

A political ideology based on skepticism or opposition toward almost all government activities.

Radicals

People who take extreme political positions

ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union)

It defends and preserves the individual rights and liberties that the Constitution and laws of the United States guarantee everyone in this country.

ADL

Nativism

favoring the interests of native-born people over foreign-born people

Eugenics

the science of improving a human population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics

NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

Bootleggers

Smugglers of illegal alcohol during the Prohibition era

Speakeasies

Secret bars where alcohol could be purchased illegally

1920s Presidents

Harding, Coolidge, Hoover

Quota system

This established the maximum number of immigrants who were allowed into the United States from each foreign country.

KKK

a secret society of white Southerners in the United States

Scopes trials

a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school

Fundamentalism

Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion (or a religious branch, denomination, or sect).

The Harlem Renaissance

A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished

18th Amendment

Prohibition of alcohol

Sigmund Freud

Austrian neurologist known for his work on the unconscious mind. Father of psychoanalysis.

The Lost Generation

Americans who became disillusioned with society after World War I

Art Deco

Art style of the 1920s and 1930s based on modern materials and repetitive geometric patterns.

Moderism in Art

Modernism vs. Traditionalism

traditionalists wanted a simple life while modernists wanted more excitement

Charles Lindberg

American hero who was the first to fly solo from New York to Paris

Jazz Music's influence on society

Effect of Sport

Marcus Garvey

African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.

Langston Hughes

This man was well known for making the Harlem Renaissance famous because of his poems.

Zora Neale Hurston

African American writer and folklore scholar who played a key role in the Harlem Renaissance

Teapot Scandal

A government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921

Black Wall Street

Greenwood Avenue in Tulsa, Oklahoma with a population of about 10,000 became an epicenter of African American businesses and culture

Tulsa Massacre

1921; started b/c a black shoe shiner was accused of assaulting a young, white, female elevator worker; lynching was rumors and white and black assembled to protect/defend their respective people; America's wealthiest black neighborhood "Black Wall Street" ended up being burned to the ground

National Orgins act

This Act limited immigration of a nationality to the two per cent of that nationality living in the US as of the 1890 census

Sacco-Vanzetti case

A well-known case in which two Italian-American anarchists were found guilty and executed for a crime in which there was very little evidence linking them to the particular crime.

Al Capone

United States gangster who terrorized Chicago during Prohibition until arrested for tax evasion

Albert Einstein

Physicist born in Germany who formulated the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity.

John T. Scopes

Tennessee biology teacher, indicted for teaching evolution - "Monkey Trial" case

Henry Ford

1863-1947. American businessman, founder of Ford Motor Company, father of modern assembly lines, and inventor credited with 161 patents.

Assembly Lines

A long line of workers and equipment where one worker or group of workers does one job.

Welfare Capitalism

an economic and political system that combines a mostly market-based economy with extensive social welfare programs

Calvin Coolidge

Became president when Harding died of pneumonia. He was known for practicing a rigid economy in money and words, and acquired the name "Silent Cal" for being so soft-spoken. He was a true republican and industrialist. Believed in the government supporting big business.

Warren harding

29th president of the US; Republican; "Return to Normalcy" (life as it had been before WWI-peace, isolation); presidency was marred by scandal

Herbert Hoover

Republican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.

Bessie Smith

African American blues singer who played and important role in the Harlem Reniassance.

Louis Armstrong

trumpet player who influenced the development of jazz

Duke Ellington

United States jazz composer and piano player and bandleader

Clara Bow

Silent film Hollywood "it girl", flapper, sex symbol

Rudolph Valentino

Popular movie star and heart throb of the 1920's

Charlie Chaplin

popular silent film star