Cell Transport Processes

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to cell transport processes, including structure and function of the cell membrane, different types of transport mechanisms, and properties of solutions.

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

To move things into and out of the cell.

What is diffusion?

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across a membrane.

What is passive transport?

Movement of molecules that requires no energy.

What is active transport?

Movement of molecules that requires the use of energy (ATP).

What does facilitated diffusion involve?

Helper proteins move substances across the cell membrane.

What cannot easily pass through the cell membrane?

Large molecules like salt and sugar.

What happens during endocytosis?

Large molecules are taken into the cell.

What happens during exocytosis?

Large particles are removed from the cell.

What is the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions?

Hypertonic causes cell shrinkage, hypotonic causes swelling, isotonic does not change cell shape.

What determines if a molecule can diffuse through a cell membrane?

The size and polarity of the molecule.

What does the term dynamic equilibrium mean?

A state where particles continue to move but in equal amounts in and out of the cell.

What type of transport requires energy?

Active transport.

What role do lysosomes play in the cell?

They contain strong digestive enzymes for breaking down large organic molecules.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

To produce energy for the cell in the form of ATP.