3.2.1 - Producing Monoclonal Antibodies

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Biology

GCSE Biology

AQA

Infection and Response

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5 Terms

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What are monoclonal antibodies?

  • Antibodies that are clones from one parent cell

  • Specific to one type of antigen

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What are monoclonal antibodies used for?

They can be used to target chemicals and cells in the body.

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Describe how monoclonal antibodies are produced

  1. Specific antigen injected into an animal (e.g. mouse)

  2. B-lymphocytes producing complementary antibodies extracted

  3. B-lymphocytes fuse with myeloma cells to form hybridoma cells - these cells can divide and produce antibody

  4. Hybridoma cells cultured

  5. Monoclonal antibodies collected and purified

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What are lymphocytes?

A type of white blood cell that make antibodies but cannot divide.

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What are tumor cells?

They do not make antibodies but they divide rapidly.