SIMPLE AP PSYCH MODS39-41

Intelligence Test

Measures mental abilities by comparing your score to others.

Achievement Test

Tests what you know now (like AP exams).

Aptitude Test

Predicts future performance (SAT, ACT).

Mental Age

How you perform compared to average kids your age.

Stanford-Binet

Classic American IQ test.

IQ (Intelligence Quotient)

Old formula: mental age ÷ actual age × 100; Modern IQ: Average = 100.

WAIS

Verbal and nonverbal intelligence.

Standardization

Everyone takes the test the same way.

Normal Curve

Most scores near average, fewer extremes.

Reliability

Test gives consistent results.

Validity

The test actually tests the right thing.

Content Validity

Covers material.

Predictive Validity

Predicts performance.

Intelligence

Learn, Solve, Adapt.

General Intelligence (g)

One underlying intelligence behind all abilities.

Factor Analysis

Groups related skills together.

Savant Syndrome

Limited intelligence but one amazing ability.

Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Many kinds of intelligence.

Existential Intelligence

Big life questions.

Grit

Passion + perseverance over time.

Emotional Intelligence

Understand and manage emotions.

Cohort

Group born or raised during the same period.

Crystallized Intelligence

Knowledge you build over time (goes up with age).

Fluid Intelligence

Quick thinking & problem solving (declines with age).

Cross-Sectional Study

Different ages, one time.

Longitudinal Study

Same people, many years.

Intellectual Disability

Low IQ + difficulty adapting.

Down Syndrome

Extra chromosome 21.

Heritability

% of differences due to genes in a group.

Stereotype Threat

Fear of confirming a stereotype hurts performance.