ATI TEAS-Reading: 1.) Key Ideas and Details, 2.) Craft and Structure, 3.) Integration of Knowledge and Ideas.

Identify the topic, main idea, and supporting details. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.1.3) - Topic Definition?

A noun or noun phrase that encapsulates the subject matter of writing.

-Examples: arteries, acid, alleles mammals or recycling

Topic again?

-overall subject matter of the passage

i.e. ask yourself what you're reading about

Topic answers what questions?

who or what is this essay about?

Location of topic?

Should appear near the beginning of the paragraph and include main idea.

-Topic must not be too specific or too general

Main Idea

what the author wants to say about the topic

i.e. ask yourself how the author feels about that topic

NOTE: most of the time fiction will have a theme, and nonfiction will have a main idea

How to identify main idea?

Read that passage then locate the sentences that emphasize, elaborate, or clarify this information

Key Ideas definition

Ideas that support the controlling idea.

What to identify to delineate key points that support the topic?

Identify the topic and authors main idea

Identify supporting or key ideas?

Ask the topic sentence: Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How?

What else is important for key ideas?

Discerning between relevant and irrelevant ideas

relevant ideas?

Connected to the idea being discussed

-Relate back to topic sentence.

irrelevant ideas?

Not applicable to the idea

-Unrelated, and some times random.

Follow a given set of directions. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.1.4)

-First, identify the initial conditions laid out by the problem:

this might be a spatial relationships between figures or certain number of items (i.e. three red marbles and two green marbles)

-Look for markers that indicate sequence (i.e. first, next, then, finally

-Relationship between the steps: action carried out in #1 effects #2, make sure each act is completed

NOTE: ALWAYS write down the result of each step

Printed Communications?

Include: Memos, announcements, advertisements.

-Join people together that have common interests and share information amongst those that desire further detail.

Printed Public Ann.?

-Inform public about organizations, upcoming events, and services.

-Message is short, design is simple and eye-pleasing, and information is easily accessible.

-Content should include: Link to information access, information about supporting organization, and supporting details (In images and short phrases, if possible)

Classified Advertisement?

Printed Advertisment selling of soliciting something.

-Generally short, detailed text offering items and services.

-Example: Print/Online newspapers, magazines, blogs and forums.

~Blogs: Website that is usually informal and independently run.

~Forums: Online message board.

-Included in Advertisement:: Headline that engages the reader, item or service offered, a call to action (phone number, email, address)

Summarize a complex text. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.1.1)

Summarizing a complex text includes 1.) Topic, 2.) Main/Controlling Idea, and 3.) knowing most important supporting details of the passage.

conclusion definition?

A deduction made by the reader about an unstated outcome from a reading passage. Asks the reader to analyze and make a decision based on predictions, details, evidence, and results.

Structure for Conclusion

1.) Keep an eye out for explicitly stated conclusions

2.) Make an inference by asking:

"What can I infer based on what I just read."

3.) Combine explicit conclusions with your own experiences to draw an INFERENCE.

*NOTE: EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT info can be identified through sequence or chronology.

graphic representation?

Allows readers to comprehend important verbal and written ideas in accessible form.

- Most include titles and subheads that summarize complex information. Common features: titles, subheads, keys/legends, and scales.

-Also, assist readers in selecting important information that might otherwise be missing by portraying the key parts that make up a whole.

Include- Bar, pie, and flow charts, graphs, maps, and illustrations.

Feature of graphic rep.?

Maps: titles, legends, and scales.

~Titles: Articulate the purpose of the map.

~Legend: Clarifies what the symbols, colors, and shapes represent.

~Scale: The distance between points.

Recognize events in a sequence?

-Powerful benefits like remembering information, understanding text, and analyzing information.

-Know the different between Sequential and Chronological

Sequential

A fixed order in which there is a legend pattern.

~Example: Pages in a Book

-Signal words: first, then, second, at the beginning, finally, now, prior to, next, while, when, afterward, last, before, after, subsequently.

Chronological

In an order in which they happen and requires a time element. When one even occurs and ends then when another even begins.

~Signal words:

When: today, yesterday, later, now, last year

How often: always, rarely, often, never, seldom

Length of Time: all year, all season, all day, since, one day.

Assists readers with keeping track of occasions in narrative and informational text. Without a time frame then the reader will get confused.

Reading: Craft and Structure CMS x4? ( 64.3% answered correctly)

1.) Recognize the structure of texts in various formats. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.2.2)

2.) Distinguish between fact and opinion, biases, and stereotypes. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.2.1)

3.) Evaluate the author's purpose in a given text. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.2.5)

4.) Determine the denotative meaning of words. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.2.4) + GUIDE WORDS

Persuasive Passage

-supporting details: may use specific facts and data, or it may detail specific reasons for the author's opinion

informative Passage

will primarily use facts about the topic to support the main idea

Narrative Passage

-will have supporting details--the specific things the author says to develop the story and the characters

NOTE: To distinguish between a fact, opinion, and stereotype?

FIRST: ask is a statement can be proven.

-look for subjectivity by asking if an observation could vary according to the situation or person observing

*Fact: Facts are information based on real, provable events, or situations.

*Opinion: Opinions are beliefs based on personal judgments, rather than on indisputable facts.

*Stereotype: Stereotypes are oversimplified opinions, that do not account for individual differences, about an entire group of people or things.

Purpose: Narrative Passage

the author tells the reader a story often to illustrate a theme or idea the reader needs to consider

Purpose: Expository Passage

the author explains an idea or topic to the reader

-fair and balanced representation of a topic

-the author intends mainly to present the details or ideas to the reader to make a decision

Purpose: Persuasive Passage

the author tries to convince the reader to accept an opinion or belief

NOTE: make sure you are aware of what the author believes about the topic

Persuasive Writing Techniques

RHETORICAL STRATEGIES:

-assists the author in building an argument

-Ethos: an author might explain their credentials or

offer concessions to an opposing argument

to create a trusted relationship with the reader

-Logos: Reason

-Pathos: appeal to emotion

Purpose: Technical Passage

explain specific processes, techniques, or equipment in order for the reader to use that process or equipment to obtain the desired result

-LOOK FOR: chronological or spatial organization (being able to create images from an author's words), specialized vocabulary, imperative or directive structures

Denotive

An explicitly stated meaning of a word or idea (dictionary Definition)

Connotive

An implied meaning of a word or idea

How to find the connotative meaning of a word?

-ask if the word conveys a positive or a negative association in your mind

-adjectives are often used to influence the feelings of the reader, like "an ambitious attempt to achieve..."

-i.e. dog and canine have a NEUTRAL CONNOTATION

pet and puppy have a POSITIVE CONNOTATION

cur and mutt have a NEGATIVE CONNOTATION

A few context clues for the meaning of a word?

-sometimes authors may use a difficult word, then say "that is" or "which is" to signal the reader that they are providing a definition

OR

-the authors may restate the idea in familiar words

-i.e. Teachers often prefer teaching students with INTRINSIC motivation; these students have an INTERNAL desire to learn.

-The meaning of intrinsic is restated as internal

Reading: Integration of Knowledge and Ideas ( 54.5% answered correctly) CMS x5?

1.) Use evidence from the text to make predictions, inferences, and draw conclusions about a piece of writing. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.3.2)

2.) Identify primary sources in various media. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.3.1)

3.) Evaluate an argument and its specific claims. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.3.4)

4.) Evaluate and integrate data from multiple sources in various formats including media. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.3.5)

5.) Compare and contrast themes from print and other sources (R. 3.3)C

inference definition?

> "Reading between the lines"* of what is stated. >Otherwise, applying logic to facts and evidence coupled with recognizing the context clues provided.

>Suggests an idea by details and evidence in passage.

*NOTE: OVERALL, a CONCLUSION a reader makes using CLUES IN THE PASSAGE- SUPPORTED BY EVIDENCE!

Prediction VS. inferences VS. conclusions VS. Implied meanings (Implications)

>Predications: A guess of what will happen next based on what just read ( authors hints of events to come) from a passage.

>conclusions: Asks reader to analyze and make a decision based on predictions, details, evidence, and results.

>inferences: idea by details and evidence in passage, not written out by author...

*NOTE: AVOID using info beyond provided passages before making inferences.

>Implied Meaning (Implications): when asked for the implied meaning of a statement in a passage, locate the context in which that statement was used and determine the implied meaning.

Ex: of Prediction, inferences, and conclusions

Here is an example: a reader picks up a novel and reads the first few pages. They are poorly written, and the reader finds that he or she is not at all interested in the plot. In this case, the reader has two options: he or she can continue reading until the bitter end, or he or she can draw the conclusion that if the first few pages are bad, the rest of the book probably won't be any better. Drawing this conclusion allows the reader to put down the book, and avoid many hours of unpleasant, wasted activity.

Primary Sources?

-used if researcher's purpose is to analyze, interpret, or critique a historical event, a creative work, or a natural phenomenon

-firsthand experience:

letters, emails, autobiographies, diaries, memoris,

eyewitness, interviews, questioneers, photographs

Secondary Sources?

-written analysis or interpretation of a primary source

-no firsthand experience

-examine primary sources to draw conclusions or make generalizations about people, events, or ideas

-i.e. literary criticism, political analysis, biographies, essays on ethics and social policies

Evaluate an argument and its specific claims. (ATI TEAS Study Manual R.3.4)

Step to do this:

1.) Identify an authors argument of claim!

2.) Identify supporting evidence and reasoning.

> Is he or she using reliable/credible sources to support their reasons?

> Make sure to see if this evidence EVEN supports the argument as a whole. @ times authors use IRRELEVANT evidence that DOESN'T ALLIGN with the argument being presented MEANING, author doesn't have enough support for his or her position.

Forms of sources?

Sources may answer specific questions posed in a text, enrich the information provided on a topic by the writer, or support a writer's argument

-written documents

-audio-visual materials

-information found over the Internet

-in-person interviews

Evaluating sources?

-education

-firsthand experiences

-motivation of the author: indicate bias

-author's background and expertise

-place of publication: academic journals and established newspapers are more reliable unlike blogs and websites

Evaluating a website?

-intended audience

-agenda for selling or promoting something

Questions to consider?

1. Is the source current?

2. If it is a secondary source, is it based on both primary as well as other secondary sources?

3. Is the author an expert in the area of study? Does he or she cite relevant information from other authorities on the topic?

4. Is the author's purpose clear? That is, is there any apparent bias?

5. What does the author assume is true?

6. Does the author present multiple viewpoints?

7. Does the content align with other reliable sources on the topic?

Theme?

-generally a true idea that the reader might derive from a text

INPORTANT TEST STRATEGY -For multiple choice answers of making Predictions, inferences, or draw conclusions???

>hedge phrases such as:

Ex: likely, may, can, will often, among etc. ----> more likely to be correct choice

> extreme + or - answers are ALWAYS WRONG!!!